From CFACT
By Kelvin Kemm
We constantly hear panic stories about glaciers melting, accompanied by hysterical voices calling out that retreating glaciers are a clear sign of human-induced global warming.
Much of this hysteria is driven by green activi... [4347 chars]

We constantly hear panic stories about glaciers melting, accompanied by hysterical voices calling out that retreating glaciers are a clear sign of human-induced global warming.

Watts Up With That

Glaciers have advanced and retreated before

On a day marked by environmental consciousness and personal celebration, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath took a significant step by initiating the 'Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam' tree-planting drive at his official residence in Lucknow. This event,... [1166 chars]

Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath celebrated his birthday and World Environment Day by launching the 'Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam' initiative, a massive tree-planting campaign. The state has significantly increased its forest cover under his leadership, reflecting a strong commitment to combating environmental issues and global warming.

Devdiscourse

Yogi Adityanath's Green Initiative Shines on World Environment Day

Synopsis
An impending El Nino event threatens global economies, with India facing potential losses exceeding one trillion dollars. This climate phenomenon, amplified by global warming, exacerbates extreme heat and disrupts monsoons. Experts urge gove... [10014 chars]

An impending El Nino event threatens global economies, with India facing potential losses exceeding one trillion dollars. This climate phenomenon, amplified by global warming, exacerbates extreme heat and disrupts monsoons. Experts urge governments to invest in adaptation measures like improved forecasting, early warning systems, and drought-resistant agriculture.

The Economic Times

‘The upcoming El Nino event could cost India $1 trillion in losses’

Synopsis
The World Meteorological Organization reports an 86% chance of a year between 2026 and 2030 surpassing 2024's heat. This trend exacerbates extreme weather events, posing significant risks to vulnerable populations.
Global warming is likely t... [2986 chars]

The World Meteorological Organization reports an 86% chance of a year between 2026 and 2030 surpassing 2024's heat. This trend exacerbates extreme weather events, posing significant risks to vulnerable populations.

Global warming likely to exceed 1.5C through 2030, WMO says

Global warming is changing where, when and how Brits travel
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For many of us in the UK, a summer holiday has long meant chasing the sun. But as temperatures across Europe continue to rise, extreme temperatures and heatwaves are beginning to change ... [3969 chars]

Global warming is changing where, when and how Brits travel

Daily Record

How the rising summer heat is changing holidays for Brits

Image: Left/Canva/Right/Wikipedia
Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya continue to threaten millions of people worldwide. As global warming contributes to rising mosquito populations, scientists are developing innovative stra... [6150 chars]

Science News: Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya continue to threaten millions of people worldwide. As global warming contributes to risi.

Times of India

What is Wolbachia: The Google-backed bacteria behind 32 million mosquitoes fighting dengue and malaria

A climate fund founded by Jeff Bezos, in the single largest philanthropic pledge to fight global warming, is lagging far behind its spending goals.
Officials at the Bezos Earth Fund said they remain committed to disbursing $10 billion by 2030. With f... [4388 chars]

A climate fund founded by Jeff Bezos, in the single largest philanthropic pledge to fight global warming, is lagging far behind its spending goals.

Los Angeles Times

Jeff Bezos’ $10-billion climate pledge is falling dangerously behind

A new study published in the journal Nature warns that climate change could make large and destructive hailstorms significantly more common by the end of the century, potentially increasing global hail-related damage by up to 42%.
Scientists from Pek... [4172 chars]

The scientists from Peking University have warned that large hail could become more common in a warming world

Business Today

Global warming may make hailstones bigger, deadlier: Scientists warn of rising damage

Europe was hit by a heat wave, and of course the climate crowd is claiming it is proof of global warming, climate change, excessive CO₂ emissions, and the need to stop eating meat and stop using oil. Another option, however, is to recognize that peri... [10754 chars]

Europe was hit by a heat wave, and of course the climate crowd is claiming it is proof of global warming, climate change, excessive CO₂ emissions, and the need to stop eating meat and stop using oil.

The Gateway Pundit

Europe Heat Wave Not Proof of Climate Crisis - Beaches Crowded

When an underwater volcano erupted in the South Pacific in January 2022, it sent a plume of ash, steam and gas nearly 40 miles above the Earth’s surface. It was one of the most violent volcanic eruptions of modern times. It may also have also reveale... [4553 chars]

An underwater volcano violently erupted in the South Pacific in 2022. The chemical reaction that happened afterwards could show humans how to slow global warming.

Cable News Network

A violent volcanic eruption may have revealed a new weapon to tackle a potent planet-heating gas

Why We Should All Care About Climate Change? Nothing is more important our world evem the tree clearyed. It impacts the environment, economies and communities around the world. Making sense of climate change and its effects is the first step towards securing a sustainable world for generations to come. What Is Climate Change? Climate change is the term used for shifts in temperature, weather and other environmental changes on Earth over long periods of time. Climate naturally fluctuates over ages of time, but the surpassing deliverer ones to greenhouse gas lockdown contribute to an improbably prescribe. Why Is Climate Change Important? Climate change has far-reaching consequences. Global warming raises the frequency and ferocity of natural disasters, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts and wildfires. They can destroy infrastructure, deprive people of their livelihoods and food security and displace whole communities. Furthermore, climate change is a threat to biodiversity. The fast ch...

Why We Should All Care About Climate Change? Nothing is more important our world evem the tree clearyed. It impacts the environment, economies and communities around the world. Making sense of climate…

climate change

Two Taubman College faculty members have been recognized by the Tulane Prize for Climate Change Curriculum in the Built Environment with Honorable Achievements for Climate Change Curriculum.
El Hadi Jazairy, director of the Master of Urban Design and professor of architecture, received an Honorable Achievement for Climate Change Curriculum in Urban Design for Post Carbon Necklace: Designing for Climate Change in Boston. The studio focuses on how urban designers can help dismantle spaces of environmental violence and structural inequity brought on by climate change in the northeastern U.S. Through design informed by their own travel experiences, students articulated a concrete set of proposals to decarbonize the city of Boston, amplify public space, and better equip communities for the forthcoming effects of climate change.
Kathy Velikov, FAIA, associate dean for research and creative practice and professor of architecture, received an Honorable Achievement for Climate Change Curriculum in Innovative Studio Pedagogy for Arid Logics: Climate Coexistence in Desert America. The thesis seminar and studio explores architectural and infrastructural development as a territorial and environmental agent in the Las Vegas Valley. This once lush meadowland faces threats of water scarcity and increasing urbanization. Working across territorial, infrastructural, and material design scales, students developed design strategies embedded within ecological paradigms and speculative scenarios to envision future climate-conscious and place-based architectural practices for coexistence with the changing climate and communities in the region. This seminar and studio, including travel to the region, was sponsored by J. Windom Kimsey, B.S.Arch '83, M.Arch '85.
The Tulane Center on Climate Change and Urbanism, within Tulane University's School of Architecture and Built Environment, hosts the Tulane Prize to honor faculty members for significant achievements in teaching climate change. The prize is awarded annually to faculty members who demonstrate excellence in the development of core and elective curriculum in climate change and the built environment.
Among an international roster of nominations, selected awardees and honorees represent benchmark contributions for their work in developing cutting-edge curriculum relating to climate change mitigation and adaptation in the training of future urban planners, architects, landscape architects, urban designers, and other allied professions of the built environment.
Read more at the Tulane School of Architecture and Built Environment.

Two Taubman College faculty members have been recognized by the Tulane Prize for Climate Change Curriculum in the Built Environment with Honorable Achievements for Climate Change Curriculum.

Jazairy, Velikov receive Honorable Achievements from Tulane Prize for Climate Change Curriculum

Nearly 90% of U.S. Christian religious leaders believe humans are driving climate change. When churchgoers learn how widespread this belief is, they report taking steps to reduce its effects, as we found in our research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
We examined data collected in 2023 and 2024 from a nationwide survey of 1,600 religious leaders in the United States. The sample included religious leaders from fundamentalist and evangelical churches, Baptists, Methodists, Black protestants, Roman Catholic denominations and more – all recruited to match the proportions of churches across the country. The survey assessed religious leaders' beliefs about climate change and whether they discuss climate change with their congregations.
According to that data, while the overwhelming majority of Christian religious leaders accept the human-driven reality of climate change, nearly half have never mentioned climate change or humans' role in it to their congregations. Further, only a quarter have spoken about it more than once or twice.
Why it matters
When it comes to climate change, faith communities are often seen as divided. There is an assumption that religious conservatism and climate skepticism go hand in hand. This assumption is based on religious beliefs such as that the Earth was created by God and therefore humans cannot and should not alter it, along with rejection of climate science and diminished concern about climate change.
We then surveyed a sample of Christian Americans from major denominations across the country and found they think roughly half of Christian leaders in the U.S., and in churches like their own, deny that humans cause climate change. Given the actual number is closer to 1 in 10 based on the data we examined, it appears Christians overestimate the prevalence of climate denial among their leaders by around five times the level found in polling.
Churchgoers who think their religious leaders don't believe humans cause climate change report being less likely to discuss it with fellow congregants and less interested in attending events that aim to address climate change or raise awareness of the issue.
The research also tested what would happen if we informed churchgoers of the true level of consensus among their religious leaders who accept that climate change is driven by humans. In a brief survey, Christians were told the percentage of Christian leaders nationally, and among their denomination specifically, who accepted that human activities cause climate change. As a result, we found, their perceptions and attitudes toward climate change shifted in a variety of ways.
Specifically, churchgoers who were informed about the actual consensus among religious leaders in accepting climate change were more likely to state that 'taking action to reduce climate change' was consistent with their church's values.
Churchgoers who received this information were also more likely to feel it would be inconsistent with their church's values to vote for a political candidate who opposes actions that could slow climate change.
These findings highlight that religious leaders have a unique power to influence climate action – but only if they let their beliefs be known.
What's next
These findings are not focusing on what is going on in specific churches and denominations. We provided churchgoers only with information on the consensus of acceptance of human-made climate change among Christian religious leaders across the U.S. A natural next step is to conduct research with religious leaders to examine the impact of their communication directly with their congregations, including if they convey the consensus described in this work.
Religious leaders, often viewed as moral guides, have the ability to reshape climate discourse within faith communities. If they vocalize their acceptance of human-made climate change, we believe they can correct widespread misperceptions, foster dialogue and encourage action in ways that secular authorities may struggle to achieve.
The Research Brief is a short take on interesting academic work.
This article is republished from The Conversation, a nonprofit, independent news organization bringing you facts and trustworthy analysis to help you make sense of our complex world. It was written by: Stylianos Syropoulos, Arizona State University and Gregg Sparkman, Boston College
Read more:
Stylianos Syropoulos is affiliated with DearTomorrow, the See Change Institute, the Applied Cooperation Initiative and Think Beyond The Pump.
Gregg Sparkman receives funding from the National Science Foundation.

Churchgoers who think their religious leaders don't believe humans are driving climate change are less likely to discuss it with fellow congregants or take action to mitigate the effects.

Research shows that a majority of Christian religious leaders accept the reality of climate change but have never mentioned it to their congregations

Poster from a global climate change strike in 2019. (Markus Spiske via Unsplash)
What role do metaphors play in how we understand the climate crisis, feel responsible for it, or become motivated to act on it?
When a politician says we're 'on a highway to climate hell,' a late-night host compares climate change to 'a car speeding off a cliff while some of us are fiddling with the radio,' or an activist poster shows a melting glacier in the shape of a drowning human, these framings do more than grab our attention. They also nudge our brains toward specific emotions, assumptions, and ways of understanding the crisis.
Kimberly Grogan is a PhD candidate in the UBC Department of English Language and Literatures.
Kimberly Grogan is a PhD candidate and cognitive linguist who studies the metaphors and images that shape how people make sense of the climate crisis. Her research spans news media, television, and activist campaigns, exploring how different messages resonate with different audiences.
In her study of newspaper coverage in the US and Canada, she examined how religious metaphors — 'climate cult,' 'climate prophet,' 'sacrificing prosperity on the altar of climate change' — are overwhelmingly used by conservatives to frame climate science as an irrational belief system. She found that liberals, meanwhile, draw on concepts such as 'sin' and 'hell' to communicate the urgency of the crisis — sometimes reinforcing the very framing they seek to challenge. She is now extending this research to activist campaigns by organizations like the WWF and Extinction Rebellion.
A Climate Storytelling Fellow, Grogan studies what makes climate messages persuasive — and how advocates can communicate more effectively with audiences beyond those already engaged in the issue.
How did you become interested in the use of metaphors in climate change communication?
I'm originally from the United States, where there's a lot of political polarization around climate change. I became interested in following the different arguments for and against climate change's validity, as I've always been very environmentally conscious. I wanted to understand why certain climate change framing was ineffective, and how people who were arguing against the validity of climate change were doing so in a seemingly compelling manner.
What sources are you analyzing in your research?
My dissertation examines metaphors in both textual and multimodal (image-text) climate communication, with an eye towards the ways in which context, political affiliation, intent and belief shape what types of metaphors are deployed. I primarily analyze news periodicals and climate change activist campaigns. I recently examined how religion metaphors are used by liberals and conservatives in America and Canada to frame climate change. I'm currently working on documenting effective or ineffective metaphors that are used by the World Wildlife Fund and Extinction Rebellion.
What impact do you hope this research could have in addressing climate challenges?
I hope my research and critique of public discourse and environmental campaigns about climate change can contribute to knowledge about how to create more effective climate change messaging that reaches and connects with a broader audience. Because metaphor is so pervasive in climate change discourse, it has the ability to be a very powerful persuasive tool—if used well.
What's the one thing you'd like people to take away from your work?
Metaphor isn't just a decorative literary device, and it can impact conceptualization and decision making about important public issues! This is well known in cognitive linguistics, but less well-known outside of the discipline.

Kimberly Grogan studies the metaphors and images that shape how people make sense of the climate crisis.

The hidden power of climate metaphors

Americans are increasingly doubtful that the United States and other countries will act aggressively enough to avoid the worst effects of climate change, especially among Democrats.
A Pew Research Center survey, conducted March 16-22 among 3,524 U.S. adults, found that about six in 10 Americans say countries around the world, including the U.S., will not do enough to prevent the most severe consequences of climate change. Only about one-quarter of adults believe international actors will do enough, Pew reported.
There was a sharp shift among Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents compared to the previous survey on the matter. In 2022, 51% of Democrats said the U.S. and other countries would not do enough to avoid the worst climate effects. In 2026, that share rose to 69%, Pew found.
Pew noted that the survey follows major Trump administration moves to reshape federal climate policy, including withdrawal from international climate agreements and efforts to weaken emissions and fuel-efficiency rules in both of his terms as president.
Americans remain divided not only over what should be done, but over how serious the problem of climate change is. Most Democrats (68%) say climate change is harming people in the U.S. a great deal or quite a bit. In contrast, only 22% of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents say the same, according to Pew.
The poll found that 87% of Democrats say the government is doing too little on climate change, compared with 31% of Republicans. Still, it found some Republican openness to international cooperation, with 54% of Republicans saying they support U.S. participation in global efforts to address climate change.
The report also shows a generational divide inside the Republican Party. Among Republicans under 30, 48% say the federal government is doing too little on climate change. Among Republicans 50 and older, that share falls to 21%.
Pew's broader climate polling found that Americans' views on the cause of climate change have remained largely stable over the past decade. About 48% of U.S. adults say the Earth is warming mostly because of human activity, such as burning fossil fuels. Another 22% say warming is mostly due to natural patterns, while 12% say there is no solid evidence the Earth is warming.
Three-quarters of Democrats say climate change is mostly caused by human activity, compared with 21% of Republicans. Among conservative Republicans, only 14% say human activity is the main cause. At the same time, many Americans say they are seeing climate-related changes around them. In a related Pew finding, 68% of adults said extreme weather events in the U.S. are happening more often, while 62% said they are becoming more severe. Climate change Global warming

Americans are increasingly doubtful that the United States and other countries will act aggressively enough to avoid the worst effects of climate change, especially among Democrats.

Americans Doubt World Will Act Fast Enough to Avoid Worst Effects of Climate Change: Poll

Climate Central finds climate change has increased the likelihood of heat that could slow players for 97 of the 104 matches, threatening game speed and fan safety.
PRINCETON, N.J., June 3, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Climate change is increasing the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, according to a new Climate Central analysis. By examining the odds of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C) — a threshold linked to declines in player performance — researchers found that 97 of the 104 scheduled matches now face a higher probability of encountering these conditions.
Mexico vs. South Africa, June 11, 2026, in Mexico City could face elevated heat risk. Climate Central analysis finds a 19% chance of performance-impairing heat (temperatures above 28°C/82.4°F), with 8 percentage points of that risk attributable to climate change. The match is scheduled to be played in an open-air stadium.
Previous research shows temperatures above 82.4°F can reduce sprint frequency, total distance covered, and recovery time, impacting not only player performance and safety, but also match tempo, tactics, and overall style of play.
Analysis Highlights:
97 of 104 scheduled matches are more likely to experience performance-impairing heat because of climate change
Nearly half of the matches have at least a 50% likelihood of experiencing heat that can impair performance. In 26 of those matches, climate change increases the likelihood by at least 10 percentage points.
Among all matches, climate change boosts the odds of performance-impairing heat most during the June 26 match in Guadalajara between Uruguay and Spain. The 70% chance of such heat during that match is 37 percentage points higher due to climate change.
As global temperatures continue to rise, driven by the burning of fossil fuels, the 2026 World Cup could become another example of how climate change can disrupt sports and traditions people cherish, forcing a reevaluation of how the game is played.
Explore climate risk across all scheduled matches through our World Cup interactive hub here: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-2026
Review the full analysis here: https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/world-cup-matches
Sign up for weekly World Cup climate coverage, delivered every Tuesday with insights on the matches most impacted by climate change: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-signup
Methodology:
Climate Central analyzed the dates and locations of all scheduled matches in the 2026 FIFA World Cup and calculated the likelihood of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C), a threshold associated with declines in soccer/football athlete performance. The analysis compared current climate conditions influenced by human-caused climate change with a counterfactual world without climate change to determine how global warming altered the likelihood of performance-impairing heat at each match.
Quotes for publication:
Morten Thorsby, playing at the World Cup 2026 as part of the Norwegian national team, said:
"This analysis makes clear that rising temperatures are not only a serious health risk for players and fans, but they are also starting to affect the quality of the game itself. When heat impacts sprinting, recovery, and overall intensity, it changes the way football is played - and not for the better. That's exactly why I signed the players' letter to FIFA last week. We need to take these risks seriously and ensure that the game we love is protected, both for those on the pitch and everyone watching around the world."
Professor Mike Tipton, Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Psychology, Sport, and Health Sciences at the University of Portsmouth:
"Playing in temperatures above 28°C changes the game - affecting tactics, tempo and overall quality. We see reduced intensity, less sprinting and potentially fewer chances being created. As temperatures climb further, the risks also increase. Prolonged exposure and dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion or even heat stroke, particularly in high-stakes matches where players are more likely to push beyond their natural limits."
Shel Winkely, meteorologist at Climate Central, said:
"The World Cups of the past won't happen again — not because the players have changed, but because the planet has. Heatwaves, unpredictable weather, and shifting seasons are rewriting the rules of the games we love. Athletes are forced to play more cautiously, strategize differently, and abandon the risks that once made sport thrilling. Unless we stop burning fossil fuels, the future of competition won't be about who plays best — it'll be about who can tolerate the heat."
Alex Jacobs, professional player formerly with the Jamaican Premier League:
"Heat is not new. But extreme heat — made more likely by heat-trapping pollution driving climate change — might just be a difference maker in this summer's edition of the biggest sporting event on the planet."
John Toohey-Morales, Honorary Member of the American Meteorological Society, said:
"In football (soccer), a typical midfielder runs well over a 10K (6 miles) for each match. And it's a high-intensity effort, with directional changes and short bursts of acceleration. Climate Central's analysis shows how these elite athletes will likely be slowed by hotter temperatures which are being boosted by climate change."
SOURCE Climate Central

/PRNewswire/ -- Climate change is increasing the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, according to a new Climate Central...

Climate change is increasing the risk of slower games and reduced player performance at nearly every 2026 World Cup match

This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, a staff member holding a Madagascar hissing cockroach seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, a staff member holding a Madagascar hissing cockroach seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP
WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) — More than 100,000 live cockroaches illegal to keep in Australia were confiscated from a single breeder in the country's largest-ever seizure of exotic invertebrates, officials said Friday.
The haul of Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, worth 200,000 Australian dollars ($142,000), was seized in May from a commercial breeder in the city of Bathurst in New South Wales state, according to Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, Environment and Water.
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The Madagascar hissing species is one of the world's biggest cockroaches, measuring 2 to 3 inches (5 to 8 centimeters) in length. Photos released by the department showed a shiny, brown invertebrate larger than a person's finger.
It's much bigger than the country's common Australian cockroach, which measures between 0.9 and 1.4 inches (2.3 and 3.6 centimeters) long. Cockroaches flourish in Australia due to its sub-tropical climates and the country is home to hundreds of species.
Bathurst snake catcher Stefanie Lesser told the Australian Broadcasting Corp. that the larger exotic species were likely being sold as as a cost-effective reptile food because their large size meant fewer insects were needed. Officials urged pet owners to seek out crickets or wood roaches to feed their lizards instead.
Both Madagascar hissing and dubia cockroaches are illegal to import into Australia. They can't be legally kept, bred or sold no matter how they were obtained, the department said in a statement.
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Australia has strict biosecurity controls at its borders to protect its agriculture and horticulture sectors and native wildlife from pest infestations. Those smuggling in undeclared or illegal animal, insect or plant material can be fined thousands of dollars.
Exotic cockroaches 'have not been subject to an environmental risk assessment' and they could spread disease or harm native wildlife, the statement said. Officials warned of prosecutions against those caught with the invertebrates.
A spokesperson said charges weren't laid against the Bathurst breeder. The cockroaches seized would be euthanized, the department said.

Australian officials say they confiscated more than 100,000 illegal live cockroaches from a breeder in May in the country's largest-ever seizure of exotic invertebrates. The haul, worth over…

Australian cockroach kingpin caught with 100,000 illegal insects in record bug bust

'The quality of [climate] governance will determine whether we succeed or fail in tackling the climate emergency. But the judicial system may become our weak link. We do not have strong lawyers representing Nigeria [in climate negotiations].' – Ewah Eleri, ICEED.
There was a time when climate change was considered the business of scientists, environmentalists and weather forecasters. Lawyers rarely featured in the conversation. But in today's world, where climate commitments are written into laws, budgets, contracts, regulations and international agreements, the lawyer has become as important as the scientist. And, specifically in Nigeria, after Nigeria's Climate Change Act was signed into law in November 2021, the climate action dynamics have changed. Indeed, climate change is now a legal emergency.
A fortnight ago, in Abuja, an unusual gathering took place. For five days, Nigerian lawyers sat together to deepen their understanding of the Climate Change Act and the intricate processes of international climate negotiations. The pre-UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies workshop was organized by the International Centre for Energy, Environment and Development in partnership with the African Climate Foundation and the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, bringing together lawyers, legal academics, climate policy experts, negotiators, government representatives, and development partners to strengthen legal expertise in climate governance and enhance Nigeria's effectiveness in international climate negotiations.
It is the gradual emergence of a legal army that could determine whether Nigeria's climate ambitions remain mere aspirations or become reality. With Nigeria's growing regional climate leadership, engagement in global climate governance and the implementation of the Climate Change Act, 2021; we need a highly skilled legal community capable of supporting climate policy implementation, climate litigation, regulatory development, carbon market governance, and international climate negotiations.
Nigeria made history in 2021 when it enacted the Climate Change Act. It was a bold move, one that placed the country among the few African nations with a comprehensive legal framework for climate governance. The law established the National Council on Climate Change, set pathways for emissions reduction, and created obligations for public institutions to mainstream climate action into governance. However, as every Nigerian knows, passing a law is often the easiest part. Implementation is where the real battle begins.
The Climate Change Act is now approaching its fifth year. Yet, many ministries, departments and agencies still struggle to integrate climate considerations into planning and budgeting. Many state governments have yet to fully domesticate climate governance structures. For many citizens, the law remains a distant document with little visible impact on daily life. This is precisely why the training programme for lawyers may prove more significant than many realise.
Climate change is increasingly becoming a matter of rights, obligations and accountability. Around the world, courts are emerging as powerful arenas where governments and corporations are being challenged to honour their climate commitments. From Europe to Latin America, judges are being asked to determine whether climate inaction violates constitutional rights, threatens future generations, or breaches international obligations. Nigeria is unlikely to remain outside this global trend.
Just the same way we are a major regional driver after access to safe, affordable and accessible water was recognized by the United Nations General Assembly in 2010 as a human right, imposing legal obligations on governments to provide for their citizens.
As floods continue to devastate communities, as desertification advances across the northern landscape, and as extreme weather events place growing pressure on livelihoods, questions of accountability will inevitably arise. Citizens will seek answers. Communities will seek remedies. Governments will require legal guidance. Investors will demand regulatory certainty. This is where climate lawyers come in.
The Abuja workshop exposed participants to the legal architecture of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement, carbon markets, climate finance, adaptation frameworks and negotiation procedures. More importantly, it introduced them to the reality that climate diplomacy is increasingly a legal exercise, where lawyers contribute through treaty interpretation, legal drafting, position paper development, analysis of negotiation texts, identification of legal implications of proposed decisions, and advisory support to negotiators. So they require knowledge of negotiation structures, contact groups, agenda items, drafting procedures, and consensus-building techniques commonly used within international climate negotiations.
It went through the fine prints of the Climate Change Act with a fine-tooth comb, and painstakingly identified loopholes and incomplete policy regulations, offering recommended amendment clauses. For instance, Section 24 [1] reads, 'Any private entity with employees numbering 50 and above to put in place measures to achieve annual carbon emission reduction…' The recommended amendment would address the ambiguity and injustice raised when private entities with less than 50 employees may generate emission beyond prescribed limits. There should be proportionate regulation/streamlined compliance – need for balance to protect the private sector from undue burdens.
Another one is in Section 22 [1], which reads, 'MDAs shall establish a climate change desk to be supervised by an officer not below the Directorate cadre…' It is recommended that an additional clause should read thus, 'Private entities shall designate climate change/sustainability officers with responsibility to integrate climate change activities.'
At international negotiations, every word matters. A single phrase inserted or removed from a draft text can affect billions of dollars in climate finance, determine access to technology transfer, or shape the obligations of developing countries for years to come. Negotiators, therefore, need lawyers who understand both the language of law and the politics of climate governance. For Nigeria, this need is urgent.
The country stands at a crossroads. It must pursue economic growth while simultaneously navigating the global transition away from fossil fuels. It must protect vulnerable communities from climate impacts while seeking international support for adaptation. It must participate in emerging carbon markets while ensuring environmental integrity and social justice. These are not merely technical questions. They are legal questions.
The workshop produced several important outcomes, including creation of a Climate Law Knowledge Network; strengthened negotiation preparedness, practical skills relevant to supporting Nigerian delegations at UNFCCC meetings, including SB sessions and future COPs; enhanced understanding of the Climate Change Act; improved legal readiness, capacity required for climate policy implementation, compliance monitoring, legislative drafting, and dispute resolution; and greater collaboration among legal practitioners, academia, government institutions, development partners, and civil society organizations involved in climate governance.
Perhaps the most important lesson from the training is that climate governance can no longer be left to government alone; and our global climate engagements should not be outsourced to foreign legal practitioners.
The Climate Change Act provides a framework, but frameworks do not implement themselves. They require institutions, professionals and citizens willing to defend them. They require lawyers capable of translating broad policy objectives into enforceable actions. They require advocates who can ensure that climate promises made in conference halls are honoured in communities.
What is more, the significance of the training extends beyond professional development. Climate negotiations increasingly shape access to international climate finance, technology transfer opportunities, adaptation support, carbon market participation, energy transition pathways, and industrial development strategies. Consequently, Nigeria requires a robust legal support system capable of protecting national interests while ensuring compliance with international obligations. The workshop represents an important step toward institutionalizing climate law expertise within Nigeria's legal profession and strengthening the country's capacity to engage effectively in global climate diplomacy.
For too long, climate discussions in Nigeria have revolved around technical experts and international consultants. The lawyers are now entering the room. And if the country is serious about implementing its Climate Change Act, securing climate finance, protecting vulnerable communities and defending its interests in global negotiations, their presence may be arriving at exactly the right time. The question is whether the country is ready to make full use of them. And on the part of the lawyers, whether they will embed climate change in Nigeria's legal system so that this intervention will not be a flash in the pan.

Nigeria's Climate Change Act needs strong legal expertise for effective implementation. Discover why lawyers are crucial for climate governance and interna

Nigeria's Climate Future: Why Lawyers Are Key to Success

Climate Central finds climate change has increased the likelihood of heat that could slow players for 97 of the 104 matches, threatening game speed and fan safety.
PRINCETON, N.J., June 3, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Climate change is increasing the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, according to a new Climate Central analysis. By examining the odds of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C) — a threshold linked to declines in player performance — researchers found that 97 of the 104 scheduled matches now face a higher probability of encountering these conditions.
Previous research shows temperatures above 82.4°F can reduce sprint frequency, total distance covered, and recovery time, impacting not only player performance and safety, but also match tempo, tactics, and overall style of play.
Analysis Highlights:
97 of 104 scheduled matches are more likely to experience performance-impairing heat because of climate change
Nearly half of the matches have at least a 50% likelihood of experiencing heat that can impair performance. In 26 of those matches, climate change increases the likelihood by at least 10 percentage points.
Among all matches, climate change boosts the odds of performance-impairing heat most during the June 26 match in Guadalajara between Uruguay and Spain. The 70% chance of such heat during that match is 37 percentage points higher due to climate change.
As global temperatures continue to rise, driven by the burning of fossil fuels, the 2026 World Cup could become another example of how climate change can disrupt sports and traditions people cherish, forcing a reevaluation of how the game is played.
Explore climate risk across all scheduled matches through our World Cup interactive hub here: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-2026
Review the full analysis here: https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/world-cup-matches
Sign up for weekly World Cup climate coverage, delivered every Tuesday with insights on the matches most impacted by climate change: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-signup
Methodology:
Climate Central analyzed the dates and locations of all scheduled matches in the 2026 FIFA World Cup and calculated the likelihood of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C), a threshold associated with declines in soccer/football athlete performance. The analysis compared current climate conditions influenced by human-caused climate change with a counterfactual world without climate change to determine how global warming altered the likelihood of performance-impairing heat at each match.
Quotes for publication:
Morten Thorsby, playing at the World Cup 2026 as part of the Norwegian national team, said:"This analysis makes clear that rising temperatures are not only a serious health risk for players and fans, but they are also starting to affect the quality of the game itself. When heat impacts sprinting, recovery, and overall intensity, it changes the way football is played - and not for the better. That's exactly why I signed the players' letter to FIFA last week. We need to take these risks seriously and ensure that the game we love is protected, both for those on the pitch and everyone watching around the world."
Professor Mike Tipton, Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Psychology, Sport, and Health Sciences at the University of Portsmouth:"Playing in temperatures above 28°C changes the game - affecting tactics, tempo and overall quality. We see reduced intensity, less sprinting and potentially fewer chances being created. As temperatures climb further, the risks also increase. Prolonged exposure and dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion or even heat stroke, particularly in high-stakes matches where players are more likely to push beyond their natural limits."
Shel Winkely, meteorologist at Climate Central, said: "The World Cups of the past won't happen again — not because the players have changed, but because the planet has. Heatwaves, unpredictable weather, and shifting seasons are rewriting the rules of the games we love. Athletes are forced to play more cautiously, strategize differently, and abandon the risks that once made sport thrilling. Unless we stop burning fossil fuels, the future of competition won't be about who plays best — it'll be about who can tolerate the heat."
Alex Jacobs, professional player formerly with the Jamaican Premier League: "Heat is not new. But extreme heat — made more likely by heat-trapping pollution driving climate change — might just be a difference maker in this summer's edition of the biggest sporting event on the planet."
John Toohey-Morales, Honorary Member of the American Meteorological Society, said:"In football (soccer), a typical midfielder runs well over a 10K (6 miles) for each match. And it's a high-intensity effort, with directional changes and short bursts of acceleration. Climate Central's analysis shows how these elite athletes will likely be slowed by hotter temperatures which are being boosted by climate change."
View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/climate-change-is-increasing-the-risk-of-slower-games-and-reduced-player-performance-at-nearly-every-2026-world-cup-match-302789927.html

Climate change is increasing the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, according to a new Climate Central analysis. By examining the odds of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C) — a threshold linked to declines in player performance — researchers found that 97 of the 104 scheduled matches now face a higher probability of encountering these conditions.

A landmark climate case is being heard by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The request was brought by the Pan African Lawyers Union and other African civil society organisations. They've asked the court to issue advice on what responsibilities African governments have to protect their countries against the climate crisis and move away from an economy that harms the environment.
Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala and Tracy-Lynn Field of the Mandela Institute alongside several other organisations have asked to participate as friends of the court (amicus curiae). Their brief argues that African states have a duty to protect the climate system because a safe, stable climate is essential for people's rights.
What are the major climate change problems Africa faces?
The continent has made the least historical contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, which drive climate change. But it suffers unequally and more heavily from climate disasters like drought, floods, heatwaves and rising sea levels. All of these threaten human health and safety, food and water security and the development of society and the economy.
Climate change disrupts ecosystems, causes crop failure and lost food production, and increases poverty, disease, loss of lives and livelihoods, water and energy insecurity and loss of natural and cultural heritage.
What will climate change do to Africa's development?
Climate change is a major obstacle to development. This is because Africa's economies are very sensitive to climate change disasters and extreme changes to the climate. In fact, climate change threatens to reverse decades of development gains across Africa. We further argue in our brief to the court that in African countries, development cannot be understood purely through economic growth or gross domestic product figures.
Rather, development is also about giving people the ability to shape their own futures by protecting the environment, communities and culture.
Read more: Historic climate change ruling from the International Court of Justice: what it means for Africa
This broader idea of sustainable development is protected by the African Charter. Article 22 says all people have the right to economic, social and cultural development. Article 24 says they have the right to a healthy environment that supports that development. Other African agreements, such as the Maputo Protocol to the African Charter, which protects women's rights, and the Algiers Convention on nature conservation, also stress that development must be sustainable, fair and balanced.
What should the governments of African countries do to prevent climate change?
The Mandela Institute amicus brief argues that a safe and stable climate is necessary if people are to realise or achieve their right to development. The brief also argues that a safe and stable climate is essential for the right to freely control and benefit from natural resources.
The rights to economic, social and cultural development and to national and international peace and security cannot be realised in a rapidly warming world.
Read more: Climate justice for Africa: 3 legal routes for countries that suffer the most harm
There is growing international agreement that fossil fuel projects must be phased out. They have undermined people's rights in the past and will likely continue to do so in future. Our brief also acknowledges scientific evidence about increasing temperatures and global warming, which harm the climate system and threaten the right to development.
It therefore urges governments to cooperate and to make climate decisions based on best available science, because Africa is especially vulnerable to climate change.
Read more: Iran war is exposing South Africa's dependency on diesel: what went wrong
In other words, African governments should have a legal duty to prevent serious damage to the climate. They need to act urgently, carefully and according to the best available science as climate risks grow.
Our brief argues that climate action and human rights are closely linked. We point out that the African Union was created to protect both individual and peoples' rights under the African Charter.
What do you hope the court will state in its advisory opinion?
Advisory opinions give advice and are not legally binding. But they help explain what countries are already required to do under international law. They also guide courts on how to apply those rules. In this way, they can shape how governments, business and the public understand their responsibilities in the climate crisis.
In July 2025, the International Court of Justice in The Hague handed down a similar advisory opinion. That set out what the world's governments need to do to combat climate change. It said countries have legal obligations to protect the climate system and prevent serious environmental harm.
Read more: South Africa's laws aren't geared to protecting against climate change: judges are trying to fill the gap
Kenya, Ghana, Madagascar, South Africa, Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Mauritius, Burkina Faso and Egypt all made submissions about climate change damage for this case. So even though the opinion itself was not legally binding, it was still important for Africa. It set up a strong argument that governments must consider human rights, development and climate justice before they allow fossil fuels and high emissions projects to go ahead.
In the same way, the African Court's advisory opinion could become an important turning point for climate justice in Africa. The opinion could shape how development, human rights and climate accountability are understood across the continent.
Read more: Nigeria and South Africa plan to boost fossil fuel production, risking their climate change pledges
The Mandela Institute hopes that the African Court will make it clear that African governments have a duty to protect the climate as part of their responsibility to ensure people can live in a healthy environment, benefit fairly from natural resources, develop economically and socially, and live in peace and security. These are the rights contained in the African Charter.
As global pressure grows to phase out fossil fuels, we also hope the court will clarify that governments must reduce dependence on fossil fuels when these projects threaten people's rights.
Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala, Legal Researcher, PhD Candidate and Lead of the African Climate Law Programme, Mandela Institute, University of the Witwatersrand
Tracy-Lynn Field, Director of the Mandela Institute, Professor of Law, University of the Witwatersrand

Analysis - A landmark climate case is being heard by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The request was brought by the Pan African Lawyers Union and other African civil society…

Africa's Climate Crisis Is a Legal Crisis Too - What Are States' Duties Under Human Rights Law?

STORY:
El Nino combined with climate change could pour fuel on the fire of extreme weather with potentially disastrous consequences say scientists.
The weather pattern already occurs every two to seven years with weakening trade winds bringing warmer seas to the eastern Pacific.
Experts say climate change could 'supercharge' El Nino this year into next.
:: Will there be a strong El Nino?
The World Meteorological Organization says there is an 80% chance an El Nino event develops between June and August this year.
:: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio
Some models predict a "strong" El Nino while others do not.
:: What happens in an El Nino with climate change?
:: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center generated using data from E.U. Copernicus Marine Service
El Nino brings higher global temperatures and disrupted rainfall.
Greenhouse gas emissions have increased the planet's average temperature by around 1.3 Celsius since pre-industrial times.
That higher baseline supercharges the effects of El Nino, as Imperial College climate scientist Theodore Keeping explains:
"The difference today is because of climate change, we've also shifted into a new climate. And so an extreme El Nino year plus climate change means that we're much more likely to experience these sorts of unprecedented weather events than an El Nino by itself before climate change."
In other words, higher temperature spikes, more intense droughts, heatwaves, heavy rain, and resulting disasters including bushfires, floods and crop failures.
:: Will it be bad for everyone?
The World Meteorological Organization says extreme heat is one of the deadliest climate hazards with more illness, spread of vector-borne diseases, and increased pressure on food and water.
The group warns, with El Nino and climate change, 2027 could be the hottest year since records began.
However, each El Nino is different, and its effects vary around the world - making it hard to predict.

STORY: El Nino combined with climate change could pour fuel on the fire of extreme weather with potentially disastrous consequences say scientists.The weather pattern already oc...

Is climate change going to supercharge this year's El Nino?

Commenting on the Seventh Carbon Budget presented by the Government today, Professor Lord Stern of Brentford, Chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment and the Global School of Sustainability at the London School of Economics and Political Science, said: 'This carbon budget is in line with the expert independent advice of the Climate Change Committee, and is an important indicator that the UK will continue on the path to ending the UK's contribution to climate change by reaching net zero emissions by 2050.
'This is the first carbon budget to be presented to Parliament since the unacceptable and short-sighted abandonment by some parties of the commitment to net zero. The evidence is now clearer than ever that the investments required to make the transition away from fossil fuels are far smaller than the potential costs of climate change impacts. These investments in the clean technologies and businesses of the future will lower costs, drive growth and ensure that the UK remains competitive. Any slippage now on net zero by the UK, in light of its past leadership on climate change, would have serious and adverse knock-on effects on the commitments by other countries to decarbonise their economies.'
Bob Ward, Policy and Communications Director at the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics and Political Science, said: 'This carbon budget is a vital contribution to the UK's efforts to stop the growing impacts of climate change by reaching net zero emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The scientific evidence is overwhelming that the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, more intense heatwaves, and heavier rainfall, will continue to grow in the UK until the world reaches net zero emissions.
'More than 99 per cent of the current emissions that will cause ongoing damage to the UK are generated by other countries, so we have a vital vested interest in persuading them to stop. We can only do this if we lead by example and demonstrate leadership on this issue, including through this carbon budget. We will likely hear from Reform UK and Conservative politicians over the coming days some unscientific, and frankly unserious, arguments against the carbon budget and net zero. They have effectively joined Donald Trump in ignoring the science and pretending that climate change does not pose a threat. It is important that MPs and peers of all political parties who are serious about evidence-based policy-making on climate change support this carbon budget in Parliament, and challenge the bogus arguments of those who oppose it.'

Grantham Institute response to Seventh Carbon Budget presented by the Government today.

Lord Stern and Grantham Institute respond to Seventh Carbon Budget - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment

Climate Central finds climate change has increased the likelihood of heat that could slow players for 97 of the 104 matches, threatening game speed and fan safety.
PRINCETON, N.J., June 3, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Climate change is increasing the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, according to a new Climate Central analysis. By examining the odds of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C) — a threshold linked to declines in player performance — researchers found that 97 of the 104 scheduled matches now face a higher probability of encountering these conditions.
Previous research shows temperatures above 82.4°F can reduce sprint frequency, total distance covered, and recovery time, impacting not only player performance and safety, but also match tempo, tactics, and overall style of play.
Analysis Highlights:
97 of 104 scheduled matches are more likely to experience performance-impairing heat because of climate change
Nearly half of the matches have at least a 50% likelihood of experiencing heat that can impair performance. In 26 of those matches, climate change increases the likelihood by at least 10 percentage points.
Among all matches, climate change boosts the odds of performance-impairing heat most during the June 26 match in Guadalajara between Uruguay and Spain. The 70% chance of such heat during that match is 37 percentage points higher due to climate change.
As global temperatures continue to rise, driven by the burning of fossil fuels, the 2026 World Cup could become another example of how climate change can disrupt sports and traditions people cherish, forcing a reevaluation of how the game is played.
Explore climate risk across all scheduled matches through our World Cup interactive hub here: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-2026
Review the full analysis here: https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/world-cup-matches
Sign up for weekly World Cup climate coverage, delivered every Tuesday with insights on the matches most impacted by climate change: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-signup
Methodology:
Climate Central analyzed the dates and locations of all scheduled matches in the 2026 FIFA World Cup and calculated the likelihood of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C), a threshold associated with declines in soccer/football athlete performance. The analysis compared current climate conditions influenced by human-caused climate change with a counterfactual world without climate change to determine how global warming altered the likelihood of performance-impairing heat at each match.
Quotes for publication:
Morten Thorsby, playing at the World Cup 2026 as part of the Norwegian national team, said:
"This analysis makes clear that rising temperatures are not only a serious health risk for players and fans, but they are also starting to affect the quality of the game itself. When heat impacts sprinting, recovery, and overall intensity, it changes the way football is played - and not for the better. That's exactly why I signed the players' letter to FIFA last week. We need to take these risks seriously and ensure that the game we love is protected, both for those on the pitch and everyone watching around the world."
Professor Mike Tipton, Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Psychology, Sport, and Health Sciences at the University of Portsmouth:
"Playing in temperatures above 28°C changes the game - affecting tactics, tempo and overall quality. We see reduced intensity, less sprinting and potentially fewer chances being created. As temperatures climb further, the risks also increase. Prolonged exposure and dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion or even heat stroke, particularly in high-stakes matches where players are more likely to push beyond their natural limits."
Shel Winkely, meteorologist at Climate Central, said:
"The World Cups of the past won't happen again — not because the players have changed, but because the planet has. Heatwaves, unpredictable weather, and shifting seasons are rewriting the rules of the games we love. Athletes are forced to play more cautiously, strategize differently, and abandon the risks that once made sport thrilling. Unless we stop burning fossil fuels, the future of competition won't be about who plays best — it'll be about who can tolerate the heat."
Alex Jacobs, professional player formerly with the Jamaican Premier League:
"Heat is not new. But extreme heat — made more likely by heat-trapping pollution driving climate change — might just be a difference maker in this summer's edition of the biggest sporting event on the planet."
John Toohey-Morales, Honorary Member of the American Meteorological Society, said:
"In football (soccer), a typical midfielder runs well over a 10K (6 miles) for each match. And it's a high-intensity effort, with directional changes and short bursts of acceleration. Climate Central's analysis shows how these elite athletes will likely be slowed by hotter temperatures which are being boosted by climate change."
View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/climate-change-is-increasing-the-risk-of-slower-games-and-reduced-player-performance-at-nearly-every-2026-world-cup-match-302789927.html
SOURCE Climate Central

PR Newswire PRINCETON, N.J., June 3, 2026 Climate Central finds climate change has increased the likelihood of heat that could slow players for 97 of the 104 matches, threatening game speed and fan…

Here some facts from Statista that need little explanation:
New records for global high temperatures keep getting set every few years now. Nevertheless, the topic of climate change has still not reached the top of the agenda for many people, as data from Statista Consumer Insights shows.
Respondents in none of the 32 nations covered by the survey collectively rated climate change as the most important problem for their own country when asked to name the issues that were of the biggest significance to them.
Of the countries included in our infographic, Japan comes closest with climate change being named as a severe issue by the fifth-highest number of respondents, followed by China and India in rank 7.
Generally, this is more of an expression of the few problems of Japanese and Chinese people, as still only 27 percent and 21 percent, respectively, rated the climate change issue as severe.
Despite ranking only seventh in India, climate change was recognized as a big problem there by more people, 34.
Among developed nations such as France, Germany, South Korea or the U.S., worry about climate change hovered between 23 and 28 percent.
Given the lack of concern, why has climate change been relentlessly hyped for decades as an existential crisis? There are two reasons.
First, although they are a minority, there are a huge number oif folks who desperately need causes to sustain their internalized views of their own self-worth, that is to say their relevance. They are the serial protesters, and they are incredibly easy to manipulate.
Secondly, there are trillions at stake in money for grifters, universities, and power-seekers of every sort (e.g., politicians, media types, revolutionaries). They lobve anbd use the serial protesters as front-line troops to advance their various special interests, which are many.
It's that simple. Think of the climate change cause as a used car lot and the folks running it as supercharged, leisure-suited salesmen
Hat Tip: D. Snutes
#Statista #Climate #ClimateChange #ClimateAlarmism #ClimateCult #Causes #Money #Power
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While you're here, please strike a blow for true justice by signing our petition!

Here some facts from Statista that need little explanation:

The Climate Change Cause Is Like A Used Car Lot Where Salesmen Fall All Over You to Sell You Something You Don't Really Want

Dr Christian Lueme Lokotola is a planetary and public health medical lecturer and researcher.
Image: Supplied
Dr Christian Lueme Lokotola
In 2009, the UCL (University College London)-Lancet Commission on Climate Change declared that 'climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st Century'. Since then, this statement has become foundational in planetary health and climate-health literature, arguing against any delay to action to protect the planet and safeguard life.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Sixth Assessment Report (2022) consistently identifies climate change as a severe and escalating threat to human health, food systems, water security, livelihoods, and ecosystems.
Climate change continues to have major impacts on humans, animals and plants. Several major international organisations, commissions, and global health bodies have proclaimed it as either the greatest or one of the greatest global health threats of the 21st century. However, the impact of climate change is often conflated with climate variability, which refers to short- to medium-term fluctuations in weather conditions resulting in El Nino and La Nina events in the Pacific Ocean and volcanic activities. Climate change consists of long-term changes in average climate conditions with periods of frequent and severe abnormal weather conditions lasting from decades to a century.
As we celebrate World Environment Day on 5 June, which focuses on climate action, we must also reflect on the urgent needs of such action to protect planetary health and health– human, animal and vegetation health. Rising emissions
Scientists warn that greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere have reached their highest levels on record. Rising greenhouse gas emissions come from cars, coal-fired powerplants, industrial operations, ships, airplanes and healthcare services. The healthcare sector accounts for around 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Unfortunately, we still rely on fossil fuels. Even electric cars depend on materials derived from fossil fuels. Recent decades have seen record high temperatures, approaching 1.5 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial periods. Exceeding this threshold will push natural systems toward irreversible ecosystem collapse, biodiversity loss and severe environmental instability. This means that the frequency and duration of storms, flash floods, droughts, heatwaves, wildfires, and air pollution will intensify. Health impacts
The problem is becoming increasingly urgent as climate change-related extreme weather events considerably affect agricultural systems leading to a decrease in crop production, fishing, water availability and biodiversity, as well as increase in food insecurity. Climate change affects the major determinants of health such as clean air, safe water and food systems. This is causing major health problems, death, displacement, migration, and mental health trauma.
The 2023 Lancet report on the burden of diseases shows peaks in cardiovascular, respiratory and infectious diseases. No healthcare system in the world is immune to the strains of climate change. We see this in the growing demand for healthcare, especially in low- and middle-income countries where healthcare systems are nearing their breaking point.
Insufficient and delayed actions
Despite alarming evidence on the impacts of climate change, many countries still lack adaptation plans. Where they do exist, local activities are either fragmented, underfunded or poorly integrated across all sectors. Local initiatives are often delayed, and this will unfortunately increase future harm, the burden of disease, and deepening socio-economic loss and damage. This will, in turn, make it more difficult to develop and implement adaptation and mitigation plans. Insufficient and delayed actions have contributed to increasing environmental and social injustice with low-income countries and marginalised communities facing increased poverty, social instability and health inequities. Limited understanding
Despite increasing scientific evidence and international attention, many communities still have a limited understanding of the causes, health impacts, and local risks of climate change, as well as appropriate adaptation strategies and sustainable solutions. Many vulnerable communities also face digital exclusion, weak public communication systems, limited access to information, low levels of education, and misinformation. Global climate messages may not resonate with local lived experiences. Several communities, even those most affected by climate change-related extreme events, have very little knowledge of climate resilience and environmentally sustainable actions such as disaster preparedness and emergency response. Climate resilience often involves expecting vulnerable populations to adapt rather than addressing the root causes of their existing sufferings.
Many actions to reduce the impact of climate change are focused either on adaptation or mitigation. High-income countries tend to prioritise mitigation to build sustainable societies and healthcare systems while reducing their carbon footprint. Low- and middle-income countries, which are disproportionately affected by climate change-related extreme weather events, focus on resilience, disaster preparedness and emergency response. But evidence shows that neither adaptation nor mitigation can fully protect health and social care systems.
Knowledge mobilisation
Much of the knowledge on climate change and health, sustainable healthcare and climateresilience remains largely within academic literature and policy documents. It often does not reach frontline healthcare workers, educators and communities. There is a gap between knowledge generation and practical implementation. We need knowledge mobilisation—generating, sharing, translating, adapting, and applying knowledge to improve policy, practice, education, decision-making and capacity building—to bridge this gap.
Several criticisms have been raised regarding existing resilience and sustainability strategies. Many resilience and sustainability frameworks are ambitious on paper but weak in implementation. They involve assessing climate and capacity vulnerabilities to develop simple operational plans without clear steps for implementation. Frameworks and strategies from high-income countries are often adopted in low- and middle-income countries without considering local contexts and community participation.
They are not part of an integrated systems-thinking approach that generates knowledge through inter disciplinary collaboration. Climate change is no longer a scientific projection made by experts. Both climate variability and climate change affect society, health and healthcare services in many ways. Lasting climate action requires a systems-thinking approach rooted in intersectoral, interdisciplinary and community-centred collaboration. There is already enough evidence of climate risks.What we need is sustained action.
*Lueme Lokotola is a planetary and public health medical lecturer andresearcher at the School for Climate Studies and in the Division of Family Medicine andPrimary Care at Stellenbosch University.
Weekend Argus

As climate change emerges as the foremost health threat of our time, this article underscores the urgent need for action, especially in light of recent IPCC findings.

Why climate change is a health emergency: An urgent call to action on World Environment Day

Climate change impacts ecosystems, economies, and a wide range of life forms. Agriculture contributes to climate change, but also suffers from its consequences. However, it is difficult to gauge evidence of climate change and the possible consequences for agriculture. In addition, it is still unclear to what agricultural decision makers should do with academic findings in the face of a new normal climate status. This study aims to identify climate change features and estimate current implications for Brazilian subtropical agricultural regions. We collected data on air temperature, precipitation, and aridity index from nine municipalities, covering a large area of southern Brazil. They were selected due to their representation in agricultural production and diverse climates and soils. The methodology analyzed meteorological data from the NASA POWER databases for rural areas from 2003 to 2012, which was compared with a recent period between 2013 and 2022. The data indicated changes in air temperature, rainfall, and aridity index patterns in the recent period. The average air temperature increased by 0.44 ${}^{\circ }\text {C}$ month$^{-1}$, and the average precipitation reduced by 0.49 mm month$^{-1}$. Soil aridity increased by about 0.35 for every $1~{}^{\circ }\text {C}$ of air temperature rise. Our findings provide evidence that climate change affects subtropical Brazilian crops negatively. Agriculture should be revisited to implement well-known sustainable strategies and to create new ones. Implementing an adequate no-till system, using the early premises and agroecology practices, and using biofertilizers and adapted genetic breeding are some of the new perspectives in Brazilian agriculture.

Climate change impacts ecosystems, economies, and a wide range of life forms. Agriculture contributes to climate change, but also suffers from its consequences. However, it is difficult to gauge…

Evidence of climate change in Brazilian subtropical agricultural areas: a preliminary study

This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies . Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility:
Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain
A landmark climate case is being heard by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The request was brought by the Pan African Lawyers Union and other African civil society organizations. They've asked the court to issue advice on what responsibilities African governments have to protect their countries against the climate crisis and move away from an economy that harms the environment.
Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala and Tracy-Lynn Field of the Mandela Institute alongside several other organizations have asked to participate as friends of the court (amicus curiae). Their brief argues that African states have a duty to protect the climate system because a safe, stable climate is essential for people's rights.
What are the major climate change problems Africa faces?
The continent has made the least historical contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, which drive climate change. But it suffers unequally and more heavily from climate disasters like drought, floods, heat waves and rising sea levels. All of these threaten human health and safety, food and water security and the development of society and the economy.
Climate change disrupts ecosystems, causes crop failure and lost food production, and increases poverty, disease, loss of lives and livelihoods, water and energy insecurity and loss of natural and cultural heritage.
What will climate change do to Africa's development?
Climate change is a major obstacle to development. This is because Africa's economies are very sensitive to climate change disasters and extreme changes to the climate. In fact, climate change threatens to reverse decades of development gains across Africa. We further argue in our brief to the court that in African countries, development cannot be understood purely through economic growth or gross domestic product figures.
Rather, development is also about giving people the ability to shape their own futures by protecting the environment, communities and culture.
This broader idea of sustainable development is protected by the African Charter. Article 22 says all people have the right to economic, social and cultural development. Article 24 says they have the right to a healthy environment that supports that development. Other African agreements, such as the Maputo Protocol to the African Charter, which protects women's rights, and the Algiers Convention on nature conservation, also stress that development must be sustainable, fair and balanced.
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What should the governments of African countries do to prevent climate change?
The Mandela Institute amicus brief argues that a safe and stable climate is necessary if people are to realize or achieve their right to development. The brief also argues that a safe and stable climate is essential for the right to freely control and benefit from natural resources.
The rights to economic, social and cultural development and to national and international peace and security cannot be realized in a rapidly warming world.
There is growing international agreement that fossil fuel projects must be phased out. They have undermined people's rights in the past and will likely continue to do so in future. Our brief also acknowledges scientific evidence about increasing temperatures and global warming, which harm the climate system and threaten the right to development.
It therefore urges governments to cooperate and to make climate decisions based on the best available science, because Africa is especially vulnerable to climate change.
In other words, African governments should have a legal duty to prevent serious damage to the climate. They need to act urgently, carefully and according to the best available science as climate risks grow.
Our brief argues that climate action and human rights are closely linked. We point out that the African Union was created to protect both individual and peoples' rights under the African Charter.
What do you hope the court will state in its advisory opinion?
Advisory opinions give advice and are not legally binding. But they help explain what countries are already required to do under international law. They also guide courts on how to apply those rules. In this way, they can shape how governments, business and the public understand their responsibilities in the climate crisis.
In July 2025, the International Court of Justice in The Hague handed down a similar advisory opinion. That set out what the world's governments need to do to combat climate change. It said countries have legal obligations to protect the climate system and prevent serious environmental harm.
Kenya, Ghana, Madagascar, South Africa, Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Mauritius, Burkina Faso and Egypt all made submissions about climate change damage for this case. So even though the opinion itself was not legally binding, it was still important for Africa. It set up a strong argument that governments must consider human rights, development and climate justice before they allow fossil fuels and high-emissions projects to go ahead.
In the same way, the African Court's advisory opinion could become an important turning point for climate justice in Africa. The opinion could shape how development, human rights and climate accountability are understood across the continent.
The Mandela Institute hopes that the African Court will make it clear that African governments have a duty to protect the climate as part of their responsibility to ensure people can live in a healthy environment, benefit fairly from natural resources, develop economically and socially, and live in peace and security. These are the rights contained in the African Charter.
As global pressure grows to phase out fossil fuels, we also hope the court will clarify that governments must reduce dependence on fossil fuels when these projects threaten people's rights.
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

A landmark climate case is being heard by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The request was brought by the Pan African Lawyers Union and other African civil society organizations. They've asked the court to issue advice on what responsibilities African governments have to protect their countries against the climate crisis and move away from an economy that harms the environment.

Africa's climate crisis is a legal crisis too: What are states' duties under human rights law?

There are no other formal prerequisites. However the compulsory foundation courses do require numeracy skills. Candidates with suitable qualifications may request exemption from taking a particular foundation course.
We strongly recommend you contact us for advice when planning your course program.
ANU offers more than 60 undergraduate courses on the multiple dimensions of climate change. They cover climate science, economics, law, policy and governance aspects of climate change vulnerability, adaptation and mitigation. Most of them can be taken as electives.
ANU offers more than 80 postgraduate courses on the multiple dimensions of climate change, the energy transition, and disaster risk sciences. Most can be taken as electives. Title Term Delivery Social Impact Assessment: Theory and Methods Second Semester In Person or Online Gender & Development: Critical Issues in Policy & Practice Second Semester In Person or Online Land Rights and Resource Development First Semester In Person or Online Gender in Resource and Environmental Management Winter Session In Person or Online Global governance and the role of Multilateral Development Banks First Semester In Person or Online Study Tour: Cultural Landscapes and Environmental Change Summer Session In Person Archaeology, Climate Change and Society In Person or Online After the Bauhaus: Design from the Interwar Period to the Age of Climate Crisis Second Semester In Person Plants and Global Climate Change Second Semester In Person Big Questions in Biology First Semester In Person Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility, Accountability and Reporting Second Semester In Person Government, Markets and Global Change First Semester In Person Population, Climate Change and Sustainable Development Second Semester, Biennial Even Years In Person Graduate Preparatory Environmental Science Summer Session and Winter Session In Person Graduate Preparatory Environmental Economics Summer Session and Winter Session In Person Communicating for Environment and Climate Policy Second Semester In Person Asia Pacific Environmental Conflicts: Causes and Solutions Second Semester In Person Payments for Environmental Services In Person or Online Ecological Economics and Policy First Semester In Person or Online Development and Environment in the Anthropocene First Semester In Person or Online Research in Climate Change Policy and Economics First Semester or Second Semester In Person or Online Study Tour: Eco-Cultural Tourism Spring Session In Person Special Topics in Environmental Management and Development In Person Introduction to Environmental and Resource Economics First Semester In Person or Online Water Politics on a Modified Planet Spring Session In Person or Online International Climate Change Policy and Economics Winter Session Online Domestic Climate Change Policy and Economics First Semester Online Food Wars: Food Security and Agricultural Policy Second Semester In Person or Online State, Society and Natural Resources Second Semester In Person or Online Research Methods for Environmental Management First Semester In Person or Online Environmental Assessment First Semester In Person or Online Environmental Governance First Semester In Person or Online Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Second Semester In Person or Online EARTH: The Chemistry and Physics of our Planet Second Semester In Person Fundamentals of Climate System Science Second Semester In Person Palaeoclimatology and Climate Change Second Semester In Person Melting Polar Ice Sheets, Sea Level Variations and Climate Change First Semester In Person Introduction to Natural Hazards First Semester In Person Photovoltaic Technologies First Semester In Person Urban Energy and Energy Efficiency Second Semester In Person Sustainable Urban Systems Second Semester, Biennial Even Years In Person Society and Environmental Change Second Semester In Person Qualitative Research Methods for Sustainability In Person Human Ecology First Semester In Person Participatory Resource Management: Working with Communities and Stakeholders Winter Session In Person Biodiversity Conservation Second Semester In Person Complex Environmental Problems in Action Second Semester In Person International Environmental Policy Summer Session In Person Australia's Environment Second Semester In Person Biodiversity Science: Wildlife, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology Second Semester In Person or Online Environmental Measurement, Modelling and Monitoring Winter Session In Person Fire, Flood and Drought First Semester In Person Island Sustainable Development: Fiji Field School Winter Session In Person Climate Change: Past, Present and Future First Semester In Person Land and Catchment Management Second Semester In Person Climate Change: Science, Society, and Policy Second Semester, Biennial Odd Years In Person Fire in the Environment Summer Session, Biennial Even Years In Person Essentials of Environmental Law Winter Session In Person or Online Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS In Person Ecological Assessment and Management Second Semester In Person Environmental Policy First Semester In Person Palaeo-Environmental Reconstruction First Semester In Person Water Management First Semester In Person Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Spring Session In Person Research in Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation First Semester In Person Contemporary Perspectives in Environmental Science First Semester In Person Contemporary Perspectives in Environment-Society Interaction Second Semester In Person Topics in Environment & Society All Semesters and Sessions In Person Economic Development Second Semester In Person Environmental Economics First Semester In Person Energy Economics Second Semester In Person International Climate Law In Person or Online Climate and Sustainable Energy Law In Person or Online Climate Law In Person Managing for Sustainability First Semester In Person Climate, the Environment and National Security Second Semester In Person International Policymaking in the Shadow of the Future Second Semester In Person Policy Advocacy Second Semester In Person Energy Politics and Governance Spring Session (Odd Years), Winter Session (Even Years) In Person Human Health, Environment and Climate Change First Semester In Person or Online Science Politics Second Semester In Person or Online Communicating Science with the Public First Semester In Person or Online

Students can choose from a wide range of elective courses on different aspects of climate change, the energy transition, and disaster risk science. These range from economics, law, policy and…

Study options across ANU

..urges protection of wetlands, forests, floodplains to combat climate change
By Peter Duru, Makurdi
The Nigerian Institute of Town Planners (NITP) has called for the adoption of nature-based solutions and climate-resilient physical planning as part of efforts to address the growing impacts of climate change across the country.
The Institute made the call in a statement by its Public Relations Secretary, Dr. Chiahemba Nor, on behalf of the National President, Dr. Ogbonna Chime, to commemorate the 2026 World Environment Day celebrated under the theme, 'Inspired by Nature. For Climate. For Our Future.'
According to the Institute, Nigerian cities are increasingly facing the devastating effects of climate change, including flooding, extreme heat, coastal erosion and air pollution, with many of the challenges being aggravated by unplanned urban growth and environmental degradation.
'Our cities are on the frontlines. Flooding, extreme heat, coastal erosion, and air pollution are no longer distant threats but are already affecting our daily lives,' the statement said.
The Institute noted that the impacts of climate change have been worsened by the loss of green spaces, poor drainage systems and weak enforcement of physical development plans.
It described the 2026 World Environment Day theme as a reminder of the critical role nature plays in addressing climate change and securing a sustainable future.
'The theme underscores the vital role of nature in addressing climate change and securing a sustainable future for generations to come. It reminds us that healthy ecosystems, green spaces, forests, wetlands, and biodiversity are not only environmental assets but also powerful tools for climate resilience and sustainable development,' the statement added.
NITP stressed that the development of livable, inclusive and climate-resilient communities requires planning approaches that work in harmony with nature.
'As professional planners, NITP recognizes that the creation of livable, inclusive, and climate-resilient communities requires planning approaches that work in harmony with nature. Through sustainable land-use planning, environmental conservation, green infrastructure and climate-smart urban development, planners have a critical role to play in mitigating climate change and enhancing the quality of life in our cities and rural communities,' it stated.
The Institute urged governments at all levels, private sector organisations, professionals and citizens to view climate change as a planning challenge requiring urgent and coordinated action, urging for the protection of natural resources, promotion of environmental sustainability policies and the adoption of climate-resilient planning strategies.
Among the measures advocated by the Institute are the protection of floodplains, wetlands and urban forests as natural buffers against environmental hazards, the development of compact and connected cities, and the promotion of waste-to-resource systems.
NITP also called for stricter regulation of practices that contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, including open burning, uncontrolled landfills and building methods that worsen heat and flooding.
The Institute further urged government authorities to strengthen planning institutions and integrate climate adaptation and mitigation measures into national development policies. 'Together, let us be inspired by nature to take bold actions for the climate and build a healthier, greener, and more resilient future for all,' the statement said.

..urges protection of wetlands, forests, floodplains to combat climate change By Peter Duru, Makurdi The Nigerian Institute of Town Planners (NITP) has called for the adoption of nature-based solutions and climate-resilient physical planning as part of efforts to address the growing impacts of climate change across the country. The Institute made the call in a […]

World Environment Day: NITP calls for climate-resilient urban planning

This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, a staff member holding a Madagascar hissing cockroach seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, a staff member holding a Madagascar hissing cockroach seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change, En
WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) — More than 100,000 live cockroaches illegal to keep in Australia were confiscated from a single breeder in the country's largest-ever seizure of exotic invertebrates, officials said Friday.
The haul of Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, worth 200,000 Australian dollars ($142,000), was seized in May from a commercial breeder in the city of Bathurst in New South Wales state, according to Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, Environment and Water.
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The Madagascar hissing species is one of the world's biggest cockroaches, measuring 2 to 3 inches in length. Photos released by the department showed a shiny, brown invertebrate larger than a person's finger.
It's much bigger than the country's common Australian cockroach, which measures between 0.9 and 1.4 inches long. Cockroaches flourish in Australia due to its sub-tropical climates and the country is home to hundreds of species.
Bathurst snake catcher Stefanie Lesser told the Australian Broadcasting Corp. that the larger exotic species were likely being sold as as a cost-effective reptile food because their large size meant fewer insects were needed. Officials urged pet owners to seek out crickets or wood roaches to feed their lizards instead.
Both Madagascar hissing and dubia cockroaches are illegal to import into Australia. They can't be legally kept, bred or sold no matter how they were obtained, the department said in a statement.
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Australia has strict biosecurity controls at its borders to protect its agriculture and horticulture sectors and native wildlife from pest infestations. Those smuggling in undeclared or illegal animal, insect or plant material can be fined thousands of dollars.
Exotic cockroaches 'have not been subject to an environmental risk assessment' and they could spread disease or harm native wildlife, the statement said. Officials warned of prosecutions against those caught with the invertebrates.
A spokesperson said charges weren't laid against the Bathurst breeder. The cockroaches seized would be euthanized, the department said.

Abstract
Background: With rising concerns about health impacts from climate change and environmental exposures, planetary health approaches are increasingly prominent, considering connections between human health and that of the natural environment. Naturopathy is an holistic traditional medicine system characterised by philosophies and practices rooted in nature that theoretically align with planetary health. However, it is unknown to what extent these philosophies translate into consideration of relevant factors during patient care. This study describes the perceptions and clinical behaviours of the global naturopathic workforce in addressing the health impacts of climate change and environmental pollutants.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was administered to an international sample of naturopathic practitioners, recruited through communications from World Naturopathic Federation member organisations. The survey utilised the Climate Change Perceptions Scale, and asked participants about their perceptions of the health impacts of climate change and environmental pollutants. The survey also examined participant considerations of factors relating to climate change and environmental pollutants during clinical case assessment and prescribing of treatments. Data were descriptively analysed.
Results: Of n=363 naturopathic practitioners who completed the survey, 88.7% agreed climate change is real, of whom the majority were concerned about impacts of climate change on their patients' health (89.1%). Almost all participants agreed that environmental pollutants harm human health (99.7%) and were concerned about impacts on their patients (99.5%). Climate-related health factors such as water intake (74.2%) and food security (72.9%) were frequently considered during patient assessment, while impacts of severe weather events (41.4%) were less commonly considered. Consideration of factors relating to environmental pollutants was more commonly reported, particularly for food quality (83.8%) and domestic/indoor sources of pollutants (73%). When formulating prescriptions, participants reported highly frequent consideration of all climate-related factors (73%-86.8%) and varied consideration of environmental pollutant exposures (54.4%-83.4%).
Conclusions: The global naturopathic workforce demonstrates a high level of awareness and engagement with factors relating to health impacts of climate change and environmental pollutants, suggesting alignment with planetary health. While this engagement is evident in clinical behaviour, some gaps between awareness and application suggest a need for greater support to strengthen the naturopathic application of planetary and environmental health.

Background: With rising concerns about health impacts from climate change and environmental exposures, planetary health approaches are increasingly prominent, considering connections between human…

Climate change and environmental pollutants - an international survey of naturopathic perceptions and clinical behaviour

Aligned with World Environment Day 2026's focus on climate change, the webinar shifts the conversations beyond signals and awareness of climate change towards concrete system-level climate action. The webinar will explore how the toolkit can be used to center educators' voices and advance policy approaches that empower educators to sustain high-quality education in the face of climate disruptions and challenges. In this webinar, UNESCO will also highlight the critical role of translating climate commitments into meaningful climate action across education policies, schools and communities.
The publication entitled Educators at the heart of greening education: A climate resilience toolkit for policymakers was developed jointly by the Global Partnership for Education, Education International and UNICEF in their capacity as co-coordinators of Working Group 3 of the Greening Education Partnership (GEP). The toolkit responds to this critical gap in education systems' ability to support educators in advancing climate change and sustainability education. The toolkit aims to help ministries of education strengthen and reflect on policies that enable educators to deliver continuous, equitable and quality education even amid climate disruption.
The GEP is rooted in the long standing work of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), with particular focus on education's role to tackle climate change. UNESCO aims to equip individuals, communities, and the wider world with the understanding, skills, values and attitudes to engage in transformative action for shaping green, low emission and climate-resilient societies.

This webinar, the second in the 2026 Greening Education Partnership capacity-building webinar series, will take place on the occasion of World Environment Day, one of the world's largest international

Educators at the heart of climate action - World Environment Day 2026

Geneva, 28 May 2026:- Following last week's 79th World Health Assembly, the Global Climate and Health Alliance, representing over 250 health organisations, is urging governments and the World Health Organization to integrate climate change considerations into and across all areas of global health planning, programs and policy, and to recognize the profound health harming impacts of the primary driver of climate change, fossil fuels.
'Climate and health are inseparable in practice and should so be in policy', said Rosie Tasker, Climate and Clean Air Liaison at the Global Climate and Health Alliance. 'Climate is a factor in nearly every area of work addressed during this year's assembly; health and climate are intertwined in real life, so governments must integrate climate across health national policies.'
'Climate change is driving increases in heat-related illness and death, spreading infectious diseases, and more acute mental health impacts, all of which are straining already fragile health systems', she added. 'While climate change and air pollution have common drivers, climate change is exacerbating the impacts of air pollution, driving up the burden of cancers, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory conditions.'
"To truly protect and advance global health in the era of climate change, the World Health Organization and health ministries must ensure that climate change is recognised and responded to in all areas of global health planning, programs and policy", said Dr Jeni Miller, Executive Director of the Global Climate and Health Alliance.
WHA 79 worked from a strong foundation as WHO's current General Programme of Work, running from 2025 to 2028, recognises the health impacts of climate change as the first of six priorities for the organisation. During a high-level event on the Belem Health Action Plan during WHA79, Dr Jeremy Farrar, the WHO Assistant Director General for Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Care, underscored how critical climate and health work is to the organisation as the most tangible impact of climate change on people's lives.
While climate and health was not a specific issue on the agenda of WHA79, eight agenda items touched on climate-related issues, however it was missing from several key discussion items. The Global Climate and Health Alliance noted the omission of climate from discussions on global health architecture reform during the meeting.
While the proposal focused on the process, not the content of these reforms, two key concerns were highlighted by numerous members of the Alliance. Firstly, the current joint taskforce does not include any agency or body with responsibility for climate and health and, while many of the proposed members do touch on climate in their work, there is no clarity on who can be held accountable for ensuring that this new architecture recognises and responds to the magnitude of the challenge that that climate crisis poses for health. Secondly, that the taskforce does not include any representatives of civil society organisations or communities, to raise the perspectives of those most acutely affected by the health impacts of the climate crisis. As a result, there are fears that the topic may fall between the cracks.
Climate Change Health Impacts
Climate change affects people's health, by increasing risk of disease, impacting health systems along with the systems which safeguard our health and wellbeing, such as food.
Non-communicable diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular and kidney diseases, are aggravated by air pollution and by heat. Malaria and neglected tropical diseases are shifting to new geographies and affecting different populations due to global heating. Climate-induced extreme weather events or wildfires can result in post-traumatic stress disorder, while climate anxiety is having measurable effects on mental health around the world.
Access to health care is made more challenging by floods and fires that destroy clinics and medical records and put severe strain on healthcare providers, meanwhile health systems bear the costs of the health impacts from fossil fuels, often without recognizing this. Maternal and child health are impacted by food shocks due to climate change, and by climate-induced migration.
'The health community is currently under tremendous strain', said Dr Jeni Miller, Executive Director of the Global Climate and Health Alliance. 'The abrupt and unconscionable withdrawal of US international aid, and decreasing aid budgets from other developed countries, have left ministries of health and health agencies and organizations in developing countries scrambling to fill the gaps, while cuts to WHO funding by the US and others require major internal reorganization of the world's global health anchor institution.'
'Within many developed countries, public funding is being re-routed to security and away from health, climate and social welfare', said Miller. 'These are heavy challenges, and it might be tempting for governments to let climate change fall down the health agenda. That would be a mistake - failing to plan for the impacts of climate change, on all health issues, will leave countries far more vulnerable to climate-exacerbated crises, driving far greater health impacts, and creating their own security concerns.'
'Every country should continue working to incorporate climate change into health planning; even as countries grapple with current geopolitics, they must value the investment in stabilizing health systems and public health as vital to all forms of security', concluded Miller. 'Kudos to WHO for continuing to prioritize climate change in its health work; and where strategic support can be provided by philanthropy it should be.'
'With the UNFCCC's Bonn SB 64 (8-18 June) on the horizon, governments must also consider how to embed health across their climate policies and plans', said Jess Beagley, Policy Lead at the Global Climate and Health Alliance. 'This must be supported by decision-making at the international level, including the tripling of adaptation finance, a robust and well resourced just transition mechanism, and sustaining the call in the outcome of the first global stocktake for a just, orderly and equitable transitions away from fossil fuels as preparations for the second Global Stocktake progress.'
New WHO Director General in 2027
The current process for electing a new World Health Organization Director General is currently in progress, with the incumbent, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus due to stand down in August 2027, following the appointment of his replacement during the May 2027 Eightieth World Health Assembly.
'The next Director General of WHO will inherit the post at a time of immense strain on global health systems worldwide, and geopolitical turmoil that undermines the protection of people's health', said Miller. 'The impacts of ongoing cuts to international aid continue to be felt by communities throughout the developing world, and in the health ministries and health systems charged with caring for them.'
'The rise of conflicts and weakening of international treaties and agreements is causing governments to redirect public funds into military and security, but while these immense challenges rightly draw significant attention, climate change acts as a threat multiplier in all cases', added Miller.
'Healthcare provision is aggravated by heat, drought and lack of access to clean water, and climate impacts that affect supply chains', said Miller. 'The current dependence of health systems, food systems, and livelihoods, on fossil fuels has made them highly vulnerable to shocks to fossil fuel access. While security concerns are on the rise, climate change as itself a threat to safety and security, and as a factor that further complicates health protection in conflict zones, is overlooked.'
'Protecting effective WHO governance is paramount, and the next Director General must be clear-eyed about the critical importance of keeping climate change high on the international health agenda across areas of global health work, and in the context of these financial and geopolitical challenges'.
Fossil Fuel Debates at WHA 79
While not on the official agenda of WHA 79, a number of side events on the margins of the assembly highlighted fossil fuels as the primary driver of climate change, and responsible for a wide range of other significant health harms globally. As the root cause of climate impacts, fossil fuels compound the challenge of addressing a wide range of health issues.
'Fossil fuels are health-harming products', said Shweta Narayan, Campaign Lead at the Global Climate and Health Alliance. 'The scientific evidence is unequivocal: coal, oil, and gas damage human health at every stage of their lifecycle - from extraction to combustion to waste disposal - and drive the climate crisis that multiplies this damage to our health. And while access to energy is essential for health and development, use of fossil fuels is not. Global health leaders have led the way before on ways to address health-harming products, from asbestos to tobacco to the misuse of formula milk. The scope and scale of health harm from fossil fuels requires the same response.'
About GCHA
The Global Climate and Health Alliance is a consortium of more than 250 health professional and health civil society organisations and networks from around the world addressing climate change. We are united by a shared vision of an equitable, sustainable future, in which the health impacts of climate change are minimised, and the health co-benefits of climate change mitigation are maximised.

Health and climate are intertwined in real life, so governments must integrate climate across health national policies, says Rosie Tasker, Climate and Clean Air Liaison at the Global Climate and Health Alliance.

Health Community: 'Climate & Health Inseparable In Practice So Must Be In Policy'

MANILA, Philippines — House Speaker Faustino 'Bojie' G. Dy III on Tuesday said the proposed University of the Philippines–National Climate Resilience Institute (UP-NCRI) will play a crucial role in helping the country address the growing risks posed by climate change.
The measure has already received committee-level approval in the House of Representatives.
The House Committee on Higher and Technical Education approved the substitute bill consolidating House Bills Nos. 2577, 4533, 5832, 6430, 6869, 8247, and 9029, which seek to establish a national center of excellence for climate resilience research, innovation, policy development, and capacity building under the University of the Philippines.
Dy said the measure recognizes that climate change is no longer a distant challenge but a present-day threat affecting millions of Filipinos through stronger typhoons, flooding, droughts, extreme heat, and other climate-related disasters.
'Every year, we experience stronger typhoons, more severe flooding, droughts, and other effects of climate change,' Dy said.
'If we want to protect our communities and livelihoods, we need to improve our ability to plan, prepare, and respond using the best science and data available,' Dy explained.
'The establishment of the UP-National Climate Resilience Institute is an important step in helping us address the risks brought about by climate change. It will serve as a center for research, innovation, and policy development that can assist the government and local communities in making smarter decisions.'
The substitute measure seeks to institutionalize a dedicated national institute within the UP System that will serve as the country's leading academic and research institution on climate resilience and disaster risk reduction.
The new institute will conduct multidisciplinary research, generate evidence-based policy recommendations, provide technical assistance to government agencies and local government units, and strengthen climate resilience education and training programs.
Dy stressed that the Philippines remains among the countries most vulnerable to climate-related disasters, making investments in climate science, research, and preparedness increasingly important.
'While we may not be able to prevent typhoons or other natural disasters, we can reduce their impact through better knowledge, preparation, and coordination. This institution will help make our communities more resilient against the challenges of a changing climate,' he said.
The speaker also emphasized the importance of harnessing the expertise of the country's premier state university in addressing one of the defining challenges of the 21st century.
'There are many Filipino scientists, researchers, and experts who have the capability to help address climate change. Through the UP-NCRI, we can provide them with an institution that can serve as a center of knowledge and innovation for the entire country.'

House of Representatives Speaker Faustino 'Bojie' Dy III. INQUIRER PHOTO / NIÑO JESUS ORBETA
MANILA, Philippines -- House Speaker Faustino 'Bojie' G. Dy III on Tuesday said the proposed

Dy: UP Climate Resilience Institute to aid PH vs climate change risks

Experts, government officials, traditional leaders, the media, civil society organisations, and others have called for stronger collaboration to address the growing impacts of climate change on communities, livelihoods and the environment across Nigeria.
The call was made on Friday at a two-day Climate town hall in Jos, organised by the Renewed Hope Climate Change Awareness Tour (REHCCAT) in partnership with the Plateau State Government as part of activities marking World Environment Day.
The meeting brought together environmental experts, policymakers, development partners, traditional rulers and community representatives to discuss practical solutions to climate-related challenges.
Speaking at the event, the State Governor, Caleb Mutfwang, represented by his Deputy, Josephine Piyo, described climate change as one of the most pressing challenges facing societies today and urged citizens to embrace environmentally responsible practices.
He said the awareness tour was a timely initiative aimed at mobilising communities towards climate action.
'Climate change continues to threaten ecosystems, livelihoods, infrastructure, food security and public health, particularly in developing nations,' Mutfwang said.
The governor noted that the State's rich biodiversity, fertile landscapes and unique ecological assets place a responsibility on government and citizens to safeguard the environment for future generations.
'For us in Plateau State, environmental sustainability is not merely a policy aspiration; it is a moral obligation,' he said.
Mutfwang stated that his administration has prioritised environmental restoration, watershed protection, afforestation, sustainable agriculture and ecosystem management.
He added that programmes such as the Agro-Climatic Resilience in Semi-Arid Landscapes (ACReSAL) Project are helping to strengthen the State's resilience against environmental degradation and climate-related vulnerabilities.
He stressed the need for greater investment in green infrastructure, renewable energy, climate-smart agriculture, sustainable transport systems and effective waste management.
'As urban populations continue to grow, we must prioritise investments in green infrastructure, renewable energy, climate-smart agriculture, sustainable transportation, waste management systems and nature-based solutions that enhance the resilience of our communities,' he stated.
He also commended President Bola Tinubu for sustaining national efforts aimed at addressing climate change and promoting environmental sustainability.
Special Assistant to the President on Climate Matters, Yusuf Kelani, said the town hall formed part of the Federal Government's strategy to connect national climate policies with the realities faced by communities across the country.
Kelani warned that climate-induced migration is becoming an increasing concern as people relocate in search of safer environments and better livelihoods.
'The objective is to bridge the gap between national climate policies and local realities by taking these conversations directly to communities,' he said.
He noted that the Federal Government is supporting climate adaptation and resilience efforts, while commending the Plateau State Government for its commitment to environmental protection.
He explained that the Sustainable Climate Resilience Initiative for People and Transformation (SCRIPT-E) was designed to support climate-smart agriculture, improve food security and strengthen resilience among vulnerable communities.
Also speaking, Ibrahim Shelleng, Senior Special Assistant to President Tinubu on Climate Finance and Stakeholder Engagement) said climate action must be supported by sustainable financing and strong accountability mechanisms.
Shelleng urged States to position themselves to attract international climate financing by developing credible policies, strengthening institutions and encouraging stakeholder participation.
He added that development partners maintain strict monitoring and auditing systems to ensure climate funds are utilised transparently and effectively.
Earlier, the State Commissioner for Environment, Climate Change and Mineral Development, Peter Gwom, highlighted measures undertaken by the State to mitigate the effects of climate change.
He said the Ministry has implemented projects focused on environmental restoration, water resource management, afforestation, climate adaptation and sustainable development planning.
Gwom disclosed that solar-powered boreholes have been installed across local government areas to improve access to water for domestic use, irrigation and livestock production.
He added that the state had established over 2,000 hectares of woodlots across the three Senatorial zones to support carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem restoration.
The Commissioner also cited progress in erosion control projects, including interventions around Plateau Club and Bingham University Teaching Hospital, as well as biodiversity conservation efforts at the Jos Wildlife Park.
The Gbong Gwom Jos, Da Jacob Buba, represented by the Ata Aten of Ganawuri, Yakubu Chaimang, assured stakeholders that traditional institutions would continue to mobilise communities in support of environmental sustainability.
Participants at the town hall, including Nansik Onu, the Executive Director of Centre for Gospel Health and Development, CeGHaD and others, unanimously called for stronger partnerships, increased public awareness and locally driven solutions to address the effects of climate change.
Highlights of the event included the signing of a memorandum of understanding on climate action and the presentation of a climate policy document by the Plateau State Government to the REHCCAT team.

Experts, government officials, traditional leaders, the media, civil society organisations, and others have called for stronger collaboration to address the growing impacts of climate change on communities, livelihoods and the environment across Nigeria. The call was made on Friday at a two-day Climate town hall in Jos, organised by the Renewed Hope Climate Change Awareness […]

FG, Plateau stakeholders seek collective action against climate change

Fed Govt seeks climate finance to transform livestock sector
The Federal Government has intensified efforts to position Nigeria's livestock sector to access global climate finance as part of a broader strategy to promote sustainable livestock development, strengthen food security, create jobs, and address the growing impacts of climate change.
The Minister of Livestock Development, Idi Mukhtar Maiha, disclosed this in Abuja while receiving a delegation from African Group of Negotiators Experts Support and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit.
Maiha described climate change as one of the most significant threats facing livestock production and rural livelihoods, stressing the need for deliberate measures to build resilience in the sector while tapping into available international climate funding opportunities.
The effects of climate change, he said, are already evident across Nigeria through declining water resources, shifting rainfall patterns, increased heat stress on livestock, and shrinking grazing lands.
Drawing on more than two decades of experience as a livestock farmer, Maiha said the ministry is implementing several initiatives aimed at reducing environmental degradation and improving productivity.
These include the rehabilitation of grazing reserves, expansion of fodder cultivation, improved rangeland management, adoption of renewable energy solutions, and the promotion of settled livestock production systems.
'There is no doubt that climate change is real. The changes are visible in our rivers, grazing lands, water tables, and livestock production systems. As a nation, we must act responsibly to protect the environment while transforming our livestock sector into a modern, climate-smart industry,' he said.
He reaffirmed the ministry's commitment to working with local and international partners to develop investment-ready projects capable of attracting climate finance for livestock development.
Earlier, the Director of Technical Services at AGNES, David Olufemi Awolala, said the organisation, with support from GIZ, is collaborating with the ministry's Technical Working Group on Climate Change to develop bankable proposals in feeds and fodder development, livestock value chain enhancement, and animal health systems.
Awolala explained that the proposed projects are designed to attract funding from major international climate financing institutions, including the Green Climate Fund and the African Development Bank.
He added that the partnership would also support efforts to strengthen the ministry's capacity to access climate finance and implement sustainable livestock development programmes aligned with Nigeria's climate commitments and development priorities.
The meeting was attended by senior officials of the Ministry of Livestock Development, representatives of AGNES and GIZ, including Mr. Adeoye Adekunle Afees, as well as members of the ministry's Technical Working Group on Climate Change led by Dr. Peter Alike.

The Nation Newspaper Fed Govt seeks climate finance to transform livestock sector

Fed Govt seeks climate finance to transform livestock sector

A Climate Satyagraha Workshop, urged citizens to adopt sustainable lifestyles to combat climate change. Over 100 representatives pledged to avoid buying new clothes for a year, highlighting the fashion industry's environmental toll. The event emphasized grassroots solutions and collective behavioral change for a greener future.
Amid growing concerns over climate change and unsustainable consumption patterns, a Climate Satyagraha Workshop called on citizens to adopt more environmentally responsible lifestyles. To celebrtae the World Environment Day, the two-hour workshop was led by solar energy advocate and climate action campaigner Prof Chetan Singh Solanki. The event brought together more than 100 representatives from environmental groups, civil society organisations and community networks to discuss grassroots solutions to the climate crisis. Addressing participants, he stressed that individual lifestyle choices and consumption habits play a critical role in reducing carbon emissions and environmental degradation. He urged citizens to embrace sustainable living practices and rethink everyday consumption patterns.One of the key outcomes of the workshop was a collective pledge by participants to avoid purchasing new clothes for the next year. Organisers said the initiative aims to draw attention to the environmental impact of the fashion industry, which is a major contributor to waste generation, water consumption and greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.During the programme, the poster of a nationwide online environmental awareness contest recognised by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Environment.The workshop featured discussions on climate responsibility, sustainable consumption and community-driven environmental action. Participants said the session offered practical ideas for reducing their ecological footprint and contributing to broader climate goals.Organisers described the event as part of a larger effort to encourage citizen-led action on environmental issues, highlighting the importance of collective behavioural change in addressing the challenges posed by climate change.

Amid growing concerns over climate change and unsustainable consumption patterns, a Climate Satyagraha Workshop called on citizens to adopt more environmentally responsible lifestyles. To celebrtae…

Climate workshop urges lifestyle changes to tackle environmental crisis

president-climate action
Lee calls for joint efforts to fight climate change on World Environment Day
SEOUL, June 5 (Yonhap) -- President Lee Jae Myung on Friday called for joint efforts to fight climate change, marking World Environment Day.
In a message posted on his X account, the president urged people to "join hands in carrying out everyday climate action" to help build a sustainable country, referring to a namesake public campaign to be launched by the environment ministry.
The ministry was scheduled to launch the Climate Action campaign later in the day, promoting measures, such as reducing carbon emission, using public transportation and cutting plastic use, to help tackle climate change and protect the environment.
At the scheduled launch of the campaign, the whole of society, including religious and industrial sectors, as well as civil society and the government, will come together to commit themselves to climate action, Lee noted.
"Reducing the use of disposable items, turning off lights when they are not in use, walking short distances, using public transportation and carrying (reusable) shopping bags may seem trivial, but they can become a powerful force when practiced collectively," the president wrote.
He also pledged to bring about "tangible changes" by making utmost efforts.
pbr@yna.co.kr

president-climate action Lee calls for joint efforts to fight climate change on World Environment Day SEOUL, June 5 (Yon

Lee calls for joint efforts to fight climate change on World Environment Day

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS MASSACHUSETTS SENATE
STATE HOUSE, BOSTON 02133
Senator Joan B. Lovely State Senator
2nd Essex District
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
June 1, 2018
PEABODY — The Baker-Polito Administration today announced over $5 million in grant funding to 34 cities and towns across the Commonwealth for projects to improve their resilience to climate change through Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) ProgramAction Grants. This is the second phase of the grant and designation program, which builds on Governor Baker's Executive Order 569, as well as other administration-led state and local partnerships and is intended to build on outcomes from a state-funded and community-driven comprehensive assessment of municipal climate change hazards. The 34 Action Grant awardees, representing about 10 percent of municipalities across all regions of the Commonwealth, were announced by Lieutenant Governor Karyn Polito as part of a tour of a project site in Peabody.
'Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness grants play a critical role in helping communities protect their residents, infrastructure and natural resources from the impacts of climate change,' said Governor Charlie Baker. 'We're pleased to work with local officials and our partners in the Legislature on important grant programs like this and look forward to our continued collaboration on the administration's Environmental Bond Bill, which includes over $300 million to help the Commonwealth prepare for and protect against the impacts of climate change.'
'These grants build on the planning stage of the Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness program by investing in on-the-ground, proactive projects to address the specific vulnerabilities to climate change identified by each municipality,' said Lieutenant Governor Karyn Polito. 'The funding and support provided through this program will build more resilient communities that are better prepared for extreme weather, drought, floods, sea level rise and other challenges.'
The administration has now committed over $7 million over two years to help communities prepare for climate change and build resilience through the MVP Program, including $2 million announced earlier this week for 82 communities to complete a climate change vulnerability planning process. Governor Baker's Environmental Bond Bill would also authorize $15 million for future rounds of the MVP Program.
To participate in the MVP program, communities first apply for Planning Grants, which are used to complete a community-based workshop process to identify key climate-related hazards, vulnerabilities and strengths, and prioritize next steps to address climate change impacts. Upon successful completion of the planning process, municipalities are designated as a 'Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) program community.' Designated MVP communities can then apply for MVP Action Grants to implement key priorities and projects identified through the planning process. These projects include follow-up vulnerability assessments, design studies, local bylaws and ordinances, redesigns and retrofits, natural infrastructure and storm protection, and education and outreach.
'The Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness program was designed to allow the state to work together with municipalities to identify areas of weakness and then employ nature-based, cost-effective solutions to address those vulnerabilities,' said Energy and Environmental Affairs Secretary Matthew Beaton. 'The funds awarded from the MVP Action Grant program will allow municipalities to implement crucial measures to prepare for the effects of climate change while strengthening community engagement and collaboration among town departments.'
The program is led by an experienced Project Coordinator from the town with a core team of town staff and volunteers representing town planning departments, emergency managers, conservation commissioners, economic councils, the business community and other key stakeholders. There are currently 156 MVP communities across the state, representing 43 percent of the state's municipalities.
The MVP Action Grants were open to all municipal governments in Massachusetts in FY 2018 that have received MVP designation. Projects that proposed nature-based solutions or strategies that rely on green infrastructure or conservation and enhancement of natural systems to improve community resilience received higher scores.
The following communities will receive funding to complete the planning process: Applicant Project Title Grant Amount Cape and Islands Sandwich Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment/Adaptation Planning for the Town of Sandwich $88,025 Central Charlton, Spencer Integrated Water Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessment and Climate Resiliency Plan $300,000 Holden Water/Sewer Infrastructure Green Emergency Power Study $24,588 Mendon Integration of Low Impact Development Standards into Local Bylaws and Subdivision Regulations $8,025 Metro-Boston Arlington Mill Brook Corridor Flood Management Demonstration Project: Pilot Study and Implementation $399,260 Boston ​Climate Ready Zoning and Design Guidelines $250,000 Brookline Climate Resiliency Policy Audit/Amendments and LID and Design Guidelines $56,188 Cambridge Cambridge Climate Change Preparedness & Resilience Catalyst Project $118,000 Medford Medford Open Space Plan Update $60,000 Medford Drainage Model and Conceptual Strategies to Reduce Future Flooding in South Medford $60,830 Somerville Detailed Vulnerability and Risk Assessment, Green Infrastructure, Public Education & Communication $350,000 Winthrop Ingleside Park Feasibility Study and Permitting $156,750 MetroWest Natick Tree Planting Plan to Mitigate Heat Islands and Reduce Runoff $9,025 Natick Water Conservation Campaign $16,640 Natick Low Impact Development Regulation Development and Zoning Bylaw Inclusion $39,053 Northeast Essex Feasibility Study for an Essex Bay Living Shoreline $15,000 Essex, Ipswich, Newbury Documenting Effects of a Large-Scale, Natural Sediment Event on Salt Marsh Resiliency in the Great Marsh Estuary: Assessing Applicability for Potential Salt Marsh Management Strategies in Massachusetts $60,000 Gloucester Watershed and Water Supply Vulnerability, Risk Assessment and Management Strategy $107,044 Manchester-by-the-Sea Sawmill Brook Central Pond Restoration Design $88,180 Newbury Assessing storm energy reduction by the vegetated salt marsh platform in Newbury, MA: a background to enhancing natural protection by the living shoreline $225,840 Newburyport Wastewater Treatment Plant Climate Resilience $122,695 Peabody Peabody North River Canal Resilient Wall, Riverwalk and Park $224,216 Peabody Lawrence Brook Watershed Flood Mitigation and Water Quality Improvement $243,400 Salem Salem Sanitary Sewer Trunk Line Relocation Assessment $345,000 Southeast Carver Climate Change Water Resource Vulnerability and Adaptation Strategy Assessment for Carver, MA $196,979 New Bedford Comprehensive Climate Adaptation and Resilience Action Plan and Interactive Community Dashboard $165,120 Scituate Comprehensive Wastewater Treatment Resilience Feasibility Study $75,100 Swansea Public Water Supply Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessment $28,495 Wareham Climate Change Flood Vulnerability Assessment/Adaptation Planning $62,735 Weymouth Fort Point Road Coastal Infrastructure Resilience Project $129,557 Western Adams Assessment and Design for Adaptation and Resilience $56,250 Belchertown Town-wide Road Stream Crossing Assessment and Climate Change Adaptation Plan $151,437 Deerfield Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Plan Implementation $47,325 Holyoke Meeting an immediate need by learning from Hurricane Maria Survivors in Holyoke $149,825 Montague Montague City Road Flooding Protection Project: Design and Permitting $33,750 Northampton Northampton Designs with Nature to Reduce Storm Damage $400,000 Pelham Resilient Pelham $137,250 TOTAL $5,001,582
'We recognize that many public spaces – places that have helped shape our culture and communities – are being threatened by climate change. Massachusetts is a leader in supporting renewable energy, energy efficiency and supporting policies to reduce our emissions,' said House Speaker Robert A. DeLeo (D-Winthrop). 'While we are doing our part, we still see the impacts of climate change. Giving our municipalities the tools to pinpoint key risks, prioritize protection measures and implement necessary safeguards will help protect people and property for generations to come.'
'Dollars spent wisely today on research, planning and design can yield cost-beneficial actions in the future to adapt to changing environmental factors, and those actions will be critical for our communities and our state,' said Senate Minority Leader Bruce Tarr (R-Gloucester). 'There is a lot to do to address the need for resilience, but the partnership being supported here by the Baker Administration demonstrates an effective way to get it done.'
'The MVP Action Grant program provides municipalities across the Commonwealth with the resources necessary to be prepared and address impacts related to climate change,' said State Senator Joan Lovely (D-Salem). 'I am grateful for the Baker-Polito Administration's strong partnership with the legislature and municipalities on climate change and resiliency efforts and for their leadership, commitment and action on these issues.'
'Thank you to the Baker-Polito Administration and the Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs for awarding these funds and recognizing the importance of promoting sustainability by encouraging climate change preparedness in communities across Massachusetts,' said State Representative Kimberly Ferguson (R-Holden). 'I am thrilled that Holden was chosen as a recipient and congratulations to all of the communities who received grants.'
'The Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Program is the perfect example of how state and local government can work together for the mutual benefit of environmental improvements and economic benefit,' said State Representative Thomas Walsh (D-Peabody). 'The grants Peabody receives today from the Baker Polito Administration will augment Peabody's efforts to mitigate downtown flooding during severe storms and will enhance the aesthetics along the banks of the river and at Veterans Memorial Park. We are grateful to be the recipients of these grants.'
'This grant greatly supports the City's efforts to improve the flow of water while assisting in making a beautiful natural resource available for all of us to enjoy,' said State Representative Ted Speliotis (D-Danvers).
'The Nature Conservancy applauds the leadership of the Baker-Polito Administration on climate change resiliency and adaptation,' said Steve Long, Director of Government relations for the Nature Conservancy. 'We are proud of our partnership with EEA to help communities to take action under the Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness Program. The partnership has helped communities address the escalating impacts of climate change by enhancing safety, avoiding costs and using nature-based solutions. The Conservancy thinks the MVP Program can be a national model for other states and we are working to make that a reality.'
To further assist communities in planning for climate change impacts, the Baker-Polito Administration recently launched a new website, the resilient MA Climate Clearinghouse, to provide communities access to the best science and data on expected climate change impacts, information on planning and actions communities can deploy to build resiliency and avoid loss, and links to important grant programs and technical assistance. The site, which was built with data developed through a partnership between EEA, the Northeast Climate Center at UMass-Amherst and the Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management, provides access to statewide climate change projections showing how temperature, precipitation and sea level rise will change through the end of the century, which any user can overlay with other data of interest, including information on emergency facilities, infrastructure and natural resources.
As part of the Baker-Polito Administration's commitment to combat and prepare for climate change, Governor Baker recently filed legislation to authorize over $1.4 billion in capital allocations for investments in safeguarding residents, municipalities and businesses from the impacts of climate change, protecting environmental resources, and investing in communities. The legislation would put into law essential components of Governor Baker's Executive Order 569, which established an integrated strategy for climate change adaptation across the Commonwealth, including the Municipal Vulnerability Preparedness (MVP) program and the Statewide Hazard Mitigation and Adaptation Plan – a blueprint to protect residents, communities, and local economies. The funding available through these grant programs builds upon the Baker-Polito Administration's ongoing efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
###

COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS MASSACHUSETTS SENATE STATE HOUSE, BOSTON 02133 Senator Joan B. Lovely State Senator 2nd Essex District FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: June 1, 2018 PEABODY — The Baker-Polito…

Baker-Polito Administration Awards $5 Million in Grants to Address Climate Change Impacts

In a May 16 Truth Social post, President Donald Trump cited updated climate change scenarios to misleadingly claim that experts had 'admitted' prior climate change projections 'were WRONG! WRONG! WRONG!' The regularly scheduled revision reflects in part the progress the world has made on moving away from fossil fuels.
Trump was reacting to a new set of seven scenarios of emissions by the end of the century, proposed in an April 7 paper by an international group of scientists. Over time, the range of plausible scenarios has narrowed. The most pessimistic scenario now shows lower emissions than 15 years ago, when the prior scenarios were developed, and the most optimistic one now shows more.
Trump, however, used the update to cast doubt on the reality and seriousness of global warming. 'GOOD RIDDANCE!' he wrote. 'After 15 years of Dumocrats promising that 'Climate Change' is going to destroy the Planet, the United Nations TOP Climate Committee just admitted that its own projections (RCP8.5) were WRONG! WRONG! WRONG!'
RCP8.5 was the most pessimistic of four scenarios that were selected in 2007 and described in 2011. The scenarios looked at how much the climate might change by 2100, relative to the industrial revolution.
'RCP8.5 was always this low-probability, high-impact case,' Detlef van Vuuren, a climate researcher at Utrecht University and PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, told us. He helped lead the effort to develop both the new and earlier climate scenarios. As 15 years have passed and the end of the century has gotten closer, it has become clearer what emissions paths are most plausible.
It's 'useful to consider possible outcomes that are less attractive, and it doesn't mean that you were wrong by considering those if they didn't come true,' van Vuuren said. 'Unfortunately, the overall outcome of all of this is that we are in a situation that is actually leading to quite strong climate impact still.'
Van Vuuren also clarified that Trump is incorrect to call the international group of researchers behind the scenarios 'the United Nations TOP Climate Committee.' A U.N. group, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, summarizes the existing research on climate change. The scenarios are anticipated to have a 'major role' in the group's next climate assessments, he said, but it did not come up with the new scenarios.
'The paper belongs to the broader body of scientific literature produced by the international research community, under the coordination of the World Climate Research Program, not the IPCC,' the IPCC wrote in a May 20 statement.
We asked the White House if Trump was referring to the IPCC in his post and if he was suggesting that climate change is not a serious problem. In an emailed reply, White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers said that 'Dumocrats' and others had for years made 'bogus 'climate change' claims that we would destroy the planet,' leading countries that pursued energy transition policies to be 'destroyed' with 'blackouts and sky-high prices.'
'The rogue climate activists continue to be 'Wrong! Wrong! Wrong!' and President Trump continues to be 'Right! Right! Right!'' Rogers said. Why Climate Scenarios Have Narrowed
Experts said that Trump's comments on climate scenarios misrepresented their purpose.
'Scenarios are not predictions: they are 'what-if' pictures of the future,' Katharine Hayhoe, a climate scientist and professor at Texas Tech University, told us via email.
'The highest-emission scenario serves as a basis for exploring the potential consequences of climate change if everything goes wrong,' a post on the new climate scenarios from the PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, a Dutch government research institute, explained. 'After all, it is important to ensure that we are also prepared for undesirable developments.'
Termed 'representative climate pathways,' the older scenarios by design covered a broad range of climate trajectories, with RCP8.5 representing the 90th percentile of baseline scenarios in the literature at the time. (A baseline scenario illustrates a case where people do not take action to mitigate climate change, but there can be a range of baseline scenarios depending on other factors, such as how much fossil fuel use increases.) The most optimistic scenario, by contrast, represented below the 10th percentile of mitigation scenarios in the literature.
Van Vuuren likened the scenarios to a range of possible times a person might arrive at a destination on a drive. Initially, a person might want to consider the possibility of a traffic jam or other misadventures. But as the trip progresses, a traffic jam will or will not emerge, and the range of plausible arrival times will become narrower. In the case of the climate scenarios, the destination is the year 2100, and we are now 15 years closer to it than we were when the previous scenarios were laid out. Wind turbines and a levee in the Netherlands. Photo by Sjo / Getty Images.
In recent years, the world has not followed the trajectory outlined in RCP8.5, van Vuuren said. There are lower emissions and greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere than were laid out in that scenario. This means that a new low-probability, high-impact case will 'automatically' be lower than the previous one, he said.
On top of this, renewable energy became more economically competitive, he said. RCP8.5 assumed high use of fossil fuels, especially coal. When RCP8.5 was developed, 'emissions had been growing relatively fast in Asia, and based on coal,' van Vuuren said. In the years since, the outlook has improved for the growth of renewables and gotten far worse for coal.
Between 2000 and 2015, 'global emissions and temperature change had been reliably tracking' the RCP8.5 scenario, Hayhoe said.
But since 2015, reality diverged from the RCP8.5 scenario, due to 'massive advances' in clean energy, she said, as well as climate policies that were enacted following the 2015 Paris Agreement, a major climate treaty that the U.S. has left during each of the two Trump administrations. 'And that, in a nutshell, is why the higher of the new scenarios is lower than RCP8.5,' she said.
As time passed, some climate scientists began to critique the plausibility of RCP8.5, van Vuuren and his colleagues acknowledged in the new paper. Some also argued that it never was all that plausible. And some have said that researchers, policymakers and communicators have at times misused RCP8.5 by treating it as a likely outcome of the business-as-usual approach to climate change.
But Trump and his allies have overgeneralized these criticisms. We wrote in 2018, for example, that Trump administration officials had criticized the National Climate Assessment for being based on the 'worst' or 'most extreme' scenario, when it had used multiple scenarios.
And last year, a Department of Energy report released to justify rescinding the endangerment finding — the underpinning for greenhouse gas regulation in the U.S. — similarly used RCP8.5 in an attempt to discredit climate science. The DOE report 'selectively focuses on high-end emissions scenarios, like RCP8.5, portraying them as failed predictions, to argue that the risks of climate change are exaggerated,' a comment submitted to the DOE on behalf of more than 85 scientists said. (The DOE report was written by five researchers who have long propagated contrarian views on climate change. In its final February rule rescinding the endangerment finding, the EPA stated that the agency is no longer relying on the DOE report 'in light of concerns raised by some commenters.')
'A tripling of global CO2 emissions by 2100,' as envisioned in RCP8.5, 'may never have been particularly plausible even back in 2011 when RCP8.5 was originally published,' a trio of climate scientists wrote for the Climate Brink blog on May 18 on the retirement of the high-end scenario. 'But a 21st century of increasing fossil fuel use leading to a doubling of emissions was within the realm of the possible.' It's a 'sign of progress' that the world is not heading toward a doubling of emissions, the researchers wrote, saying that the retirement of RCP8.5 doesn't undermine 'the edifice of all of climate science as both President Trump and some overly excited internet pundits claim.' Major Impacts of Climate Change
Trump's post also incorrectly suggested that climate change is not a serious problem.
'For far too long Climate Activism has been used by Dumocrats to scare Americans, push horrible Energy Polices, and fund BILLIONS into their bogus research programs,' he wrote. 'Unlike the Dumocrats, who use Climate Alarmism nonsense to push their GREEN NEW SCAM, my Administration will always be based on TRUTH, SCIENCE, and FACT!'
Hayhoe said that Trump's claims follow a familiar pattern of climate denial: claiming that climate change isn't bad or its impacts aren't serious. But the retirement of RCP8.5 does not change the fact that consequential global warming is occurring and will continue to occur.
Van Vuuren said that 'by far the most important news' from the new climate scenarios publication is that the lowest plausible emissions scenario is now higher than before, hitting 1.7 degrees Celsius 'or slightly higher' — the equivalent of more than 3 degrees Fahrenheit — before falling to around 1.5 C by 2100. This would mean the world would substantially overshoot the longstanding goal of limiting warming to no more than 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels. The scenario, notably, also relies on a high degree of carbon removal, which as a technology has yet to be deployed at large scale.
'The main message is that because emissions have been increasing instead of decreasing, we have increasingly lost our sight on the climate goals, which were formulated to prevent dangerous climate change,' he said.
Currently, the world is approximately following the medium scenario, van Vuuren said, which would lead to around 2.5 C to 3 C (4.5 F to 5.4 F), of warming by the end of the century. 'That will bring quite substantial climate damage,' he said. 'It will mean a substantial increase in extreme [weather and climate] events, it will mean sea level rise, it will mean impacts on agricultural yields, and also substantial increase in the risk of tipping points,' or levels of climate change that significantly and often irreversibly alter systems.
The RCP8.5 scenario translated to around 4.5 C of warming by 2100, or around 8 F. The new highest scenario includes expected warming of nearly 3.5 C, or around 6 F, and temperatures would continue to rise after 2100.
The Climate Brink post also explained that for a given level of warming, certain risks have increased. 'So, even if the high-end emissions in RCP8.5 won't materialize, the damages projected in these earlier climate simulations remain very much in play,' the researchers said.
Van Vuuren added that the temperature increases in the new paper are based on a 'very simple' climate model but that further climate modeling will be done to understand how conditions will affect the climate system. In the past few years, he said that 'we actually saw temperature increase going up much faster than in our scenarios.' The meaning of this is not yet known, but some research has suggested that this indicates the climate system is more sensitive to greenhouse gases, he said, which could mean much higher temperatures from those gases than previously thought. If that's the case, 'the temperature rise could still easily exceed 4°C,' or more than 7 F, the PBL post said.
The positive news, Hayhoe said, is that the scenarios show people can affect the trajectory of climate change. 'The most important thing that these scenarios — both the older RCP ones and this newer set — show, without a shadow of a doubt, is that WE are the biggest uncertainty in terms of future impacts.'
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In a May 16 Truth Social post, President Donald Trump cited updated climate change scenarios to misleadingly claim that experts had 'admitted' prior climate change projections 'were WRONG! WRONG!…

Trump Misrepresents Climate Change Scenarios

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change fosters unprecedented temperature challenges, with each year breaking a temperature record. Through evolution by natural selection, species and their populations have adapted to their previously local environments. However, as the average global land temperature has increased by ~2 C or more, natural selection on many species may not act fast enough with climate change, creating an adaptation lag. To understand potential adaptation lags to recent climate change, we conducted a meta-analysis on the largest set of single-species field transplantation experiments across climates with the broadly-distributed model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, with a total of 1,600 germplasm and 42 field trials. We developed a Gaussian fitness model dependent on local environment and climate deviations to infer genotype-specific adaptation lag parameters. We estimate a mean thermal adaptation lag over 1.91 C, suggesting that local populations, on average, are better adapted when transplanted to locations cooler than their home climates. While a less than 2 C temperature mismatch appears small, its impact on fitness corresponds to a 14% cumulative burden over time, which compounds depending on the future climate emission scenario. Combining climate model projections under different scenarios, we found that by 2025, populations would have lost 30% demographic potential under a moderate emissions scenario. Our discovery of this adaptation lag shows that even this highly adaptable species has not kept pace with recent climate change.
The authors have declared no competing interest.

Anthropogenic climate change fosters unprecedented temperature challenges, with each year breaking a

Catch me if you can: Arabidopsis thaliana lags in adaptation to contemporary climate change

Contractor: University of California, Berkeley
Contract Number
Project Status: Active
Research Summary:
California is already experiencing severe impacts from climate change, and these impacts are expected to intensify in the coming years. Climate change has contributed to the increasing frequency and severity of extreme events, including wildfires, flooding, and drought. These events impose significant financial costs on individuals and the government and impact the state's economy. Evaluating these costs at a localized level is important for advancing climate actions, measuring the effectiveness of CARB's actions and policies, and improving public understanding.
The goal of this project is to conduct a retroactive analysis of both direct economic costs, such as hospital visits and property or infrastructure damage, and indirect costs, which can include lost wages and rising insurance premiums, associated with climate change and climate‑driven disasters, like wildfires, floods, and extreme heat events, at localized levels in California. The study will examine costs across multiple sectors (e.g., health, household, transportation, government, infrastructure, etc.) and regions to enable comparison and increase understanding of how impacts vary across sectors, regions, and event types. To support this work, the study will review existing research, consult with experts, analyze historic data on climate‑driven events, and develop case studies to better characterize these costs. It will also apply best practices in climate communications, data visualization, and social science to create a summary metric and a visual tool or map that communicates these costs and, where possible, shows regional differences. The study will provide one of the first replicable methods for estimating the cost of climate change in California.
The expected deliverables from this contract include a literature review on the economic costs of climate change in California, summaries of each case study, and a visualization framework that presents location-based exposure data and, where feasible, summary metrics and maps, and includes documentation on how the metrics were developed, as well as accessible, public‑facing fact sheets that explain the study's key findings.

Principal Investigator/Author: Louise Bedsworth Contractor: University of California, Berkeley Contract Number: 25RD014 Project Status: Active

A Spatially Granular Analysis of the Cost of Climate Change in California

Farmers are more worried about climate change than many people realise, and there is a 'widespread pluralistic ignorance' surrounding the issue, according to a new study.
A research bulletin from the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) suggests there is no significant rural-urban divide on climate change and that positive attitudes towards climate action 'are, in fact, the norm'.
The findings come after an Ipsos B&A poll for the Irish Examiner this week suggested that Irish farmers consider themselves more environmentally conscious than the general population.
"Reducing greenhouse gas emissions requires people to act together and to trust that others are willing to play their part, too," said Dr Lucie Martin, lead author of the study and research officer at the ESRI.
"This study reveals misperceptions within and across groups in Irish society that could undermine climate cooperation. Evidence shows that most people decide whether to act based on whether they think others will, too."
Misperceptions may hinder climate action
The study notes that climate change is a collective challenge that requires co-operation, but that people often decide whether to take action based on whether they believe others will do the same.
These efforts can be undermined by inaccurate perceptions of public opinion, including pluralistic ignorance — where people collectively underestimate the views of the majority — and false consensus effects, where people overestimate how widely their own views are shared.
The ESRI surveyed 467 farmers from different farming sectors across the country, along with 1,200 non-farmers living in rural and urban areas.
Participants rated their own level of concern about climate change and willingness to take climate action before assessing farmers using the same measures.
Members of the public were asked about lifestyle changes relating to transport, energy use and food choices, while farmers were asked about adopting climate-friendly farming methods and technologies.
Concern about climate change widespread
'Both farmers and non-farmers expressed worry about climate change and willingness to take climate action,' the research said.
'However, all groups - except farmers themselves - underestimated farmers' worry and willingness, and all groups underestimated the general public's worry and willingness. Rural and urban non-farmers did not differ in their perceptions.'
The study also found strong false consensus effects, with respondents tending to assume that others shared their own views.
Those who were least worried about climate change and least willing to act were more likely to assume, incorrectly, that others felt the same way.
Conversely, respondents who were most worried and most willing to take action were also more likely to believe others shared their views.
Senior study author and head of the ESRI Behavioural Research Unit, Professor Pete Lunn, added: 'Both farmers and non-farmers expressed worry about climate change and willingness to take climate action. However, all groups (except farmers themselves) underestimated farmers' worry and willingness, and all groups underestimated the general public's worry and willingness.'

Research suggests most people support climate action but underestimate how concerned others are about the issue

Farmers more concerned about climate change than people realise, ESRI study finds

Climate Central finds climate change has increased the likelihood of heat that could slow players for 97 of the 104 matches, threatening game speed and fan safety.
, June 3, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Climate change is increasing the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, according to a new Climate Central analysis. By examining the odds of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C) — a threshold linked to declines in player performance — researchers found that 97 of the 104 scheduled matches now face a higher probability of encountering these conditions.
Previous research shows temperatures above 82.4°F can reduce sprint frequency, total distance covered, and recovery time, impacting not only player performance and safety, but also match tempo, tactics, and overall style of play.
Analysis Highlights:
97 of 104 scheduled matches are more likely to experience performance-impairing heat because of climate change
Nearly half of the matches have at least a 50% likelihood of experiencing heat that can impair performance. In 26 of those matches, climate change increases the likelihood by at least 10 percentage points.
Among all matches, climate change boosts the odds of performance-impairing heat most during the June 26 match in Guadalajara between Uruguay and Spain. The 70% chance of such heat during that match is 37 percentage points higher due to climate change.
As global temperatures continue to rise, driven by the burning of fossil fuels, the 2026 World Cup could become another example of how climate change can disrupt sports and traditions people cherish, forcing a reevaluation of how the game is played.
Explore climate risk across all scheduled matches through our World Cup interactive hub here: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-2026
Review the full analysis here: https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/world-cup-matches
Sign up for weekly World Cup climate coverage, delivered every Tuesday with insights on the matches most impacted by climate change: https://www.climatecentral.org/world-cup-signup
Methodology:
Climate Central analyzed the dates and locations of all scheduled matches in the 2026 FIFA World Cup and calculated the likelihood of temperatures exceeding 82.4°F (28°C), a threshold associated with declines in soccer/football athlete performance. The analysis compared current climate conditions influenced by human-caused climate change with a counterfactual world without climate change to determine how global warming altered the likelihood of performance-impairing heat at each match.
Quotes for publication:
Morten Thorsby, playing at the World Cup 2026 as part of the Norwegian national team, said:
"This analysis makes clear that rising temperatures are not only a serious health risk for players and fans, but they are also starting to affect the quality of the game itself. When heat impacts sprinting, recovery, and overall intensity, it changes the way football is played - and not for the better. That's exactly why I signed the players' letter to FIFA last week. We need to take these risks seriously and ensure that the game we love is protected, both for those on the pitch and everyone watching around the world."
Professor Mike Tipton, Extreme Environments Laboratory, School of Psychology, Sport, and Health Sciences at the University of Portsmouth:
"Playing in temperatures above 28°C changes the game - affecting tactics, tempo and overall quality. We see reduced intensity, less sprinting and potentially fewer chances being created. As temperatures climb further, the risks also increase. Prolonged exposure and dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion or even heat stroke, particularly in high-stakes matches where players are more likely to push beyond their natural limits."
Shel Winkely, meteorologist at Climate Central, said:
"The World Cups of the past won't happen again — not because the players have changed, but because the planet has. Heatwaves, unpredictable weather, and shifting seasons are rewriting the rules of the games we love. Athletes are forced to play more cautiously, strategize differently, and abandon the risks that once made sport thrilling. Unless we stop burning fossil fuels, the future of competition won't be about who plays best — it'll be about who can tolerate the heat."
Alex Jacobs, professional player formerly with the Jamaican Premier League:
"Heat is not new. But extreme heat — made more likely by heat-trapping pollution driving climate change — might just be a difference maker in this summer's edition of the biggest sporting event on the planet."
John Toohey-Morales, Honorary Member of the American Meteorological Society, said:
"In football (soccer), a typical midfielder runs well over a 10K (6 miles) for each match. And it's a high-intensity effort, with directional changes and short bursts of acceleration. Climate Central's analysis shows how these elite athletes will likely be slowed by hotter temperatures which are being boosted by climate change."

Climate Central finds climate change has increased the likelihood of heat that could slow players for 97 of the 104 matches, threatening game speed and fan...

This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, a staff member holding a Madagascar hissing cockroach seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, a staff member holding a Madagascar hissing cockroach seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change/Department of Climate Change, En
This image supplied by Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water shows, Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, seized from a commercial breeder at Bathurst, Australia, Tuesday, May 26, 2026. (Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water via AP)
Department of Climate Change, En
WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) — More than 100,000 live cockroaches illegal to keep in Australia were confiscated from a single breeder in the country's largest-ever seizure of exotic invertebrates, officials said Friday.
The haul of Madagascar hissing cockroaches and dubia cockroaches, worth 200,000 Australian dollars ($142,000), was seized in May from a commercial breeder in the city of Bathurst in New South Wales state, according to Australia's Department of Climate Change, Energy, Environment and Water.
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The Madagascar hissing species is one of the world's biggest cockroaches, measuring 2 to 3 inches in length. Photos released by the department showed a shiny, brown invertebrate larger than a person's finger.
It's much bigger than the country's common Australian cockroach, which measures between 0.9 and 1.4 inches long. Cockroaches flourish in Australia due to its sub-tropical climates and the country is home to hundreds of species.
Bathurst snake catcher Stefanie Lesser told the Australian Broadcasting Corp. that the larger exotic species were likely being sold as as a cost-effective reptile food because their large size meant fewer insects were needed. Officials urged pet owners to seek out crickets or wood roaches to feed their lizards instead.
Both Madagascar hissing and dubia cockroaches are illegal to import into Australia. They can't be legally kept, bred or sold no matter how they were obtained, the department said in a statement.
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Australia has strict biosecurity controls at its borders to protect its agriculture and horticulture sectors and native wildlife from pest infestations. Those smuggling in undeclared or illegal animal, insect or plant material can be fined thousands of dollars.
Exotic cockroaches 'have not been subject to an environmental risk assessment' and they could spread disease or harm native wildlife, the statement said. Officials warned of prosecutions against those caught with the invertebrates.
A spokesperson said charges weren't laid against the Bathurst breeder. The cockroaches seized would be euthanized, the department said.
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Warming caused by climate change could impair player performance and affect match strategy at the 2026 World Cup.
A new Climate Central analysis shows that climate change is boosting the likelihood of performance-impairing heat during most scheduled World Cup matches (97 of 104).
Nearly half of the matches (49) have at least a 50% likelihood of experiencing heat that can impair performance. In 26 of those matches, climate change increases the likelihood by at least 10 percentage points.
Among all matches, climate change boosts the odds of performance-impairing heat most during the June 26 match in Guadalajara between Uruguay and Spain. The 70% chance of such heat during that match is 37 percentage points higher due to climate change.
Explore Climate Central's information hub, Off Your Game: How Climate Change Could Slow Down the 2026 World Cup, to find climate data and stories for every stadium, match, and team. Check in throughout the World Cup for regular heat updates.
On June 11, the men's 2026 World Cup will kick off with an opening ceremony in Mexico City. During the following six weeks, soccer fans will watch 48 teams from around the world compete for the coveted prize. Teams will compete in 104 matches across 16 cities in the U.S., Mexico, and Canada.
Every soccer fan knows there's strong national pride intertwined with earning the World Cup. That brings pressure for players to perform their best and bring home a trophy.
But planet-warming carbon pollution brings additional challenges for the qualifiers. During the 2026 World Cup, we'll likely see the real-time consequences of a warming world on this sport — heat that puts the health and performance of players at risk. Heat affects player performance, match strategy
Research suggests that temperatures above 28°C (82.4°F) can affect soccer players' performance — especially how fast, far, or frequently they run during a match. This can influence a team's overall match strategy and style of play.
Ultimately, it could be harder for players to reach their peak performance during a match because of hotter temperatures. And teams with styles of play that rely on speed and repeated sprinting could face a disadvantage. Climate change boosts odds of performance-impairing heat
Climate Central used historical data to analyze the likelihood that daily temperatures will exceed the performance-impairing threshold (28°C or 82.4°F) during the 104 World Cup matches. We compared the odds in both our current carbon-polluted world and a world without carbon pollution to understand the influence of climate change on the likelihood of performance-impairing heat. Warming caused by climate change is boosting the odds of performance-impairing heat during most scheduled World Cup matches (97 of 104), by about 8 percentage points on average
Nearly half of the World Cup matches (49) have at least a 50% likelihood of experiencing heat that can impair performance. In 26 of those matches, climate change is increasing the likelihood by at least 10 percentage points.
Among all matches, climate change boosts the odds of performance-impairing heat most during the June 26 match in Guadalajara, between Uruguay and Spain. The 70% chance of such heat during this match is 37 percentage points higher due to climate change.
We don't yet know which two teams will make it to the final match, scheduled for July 19 at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey, called New York New Jersey Stadium by FIFA. But we do know that whichever teams advance will face a 47% likelihood of performance-impairing heat — odds that are about 17 percentage points higher because of climate change. Following heat stories during the World Cup
As the tournament unfolds, you can find weekly forecasts alongside climate data and stories for every stadium, match, and team in Climate Central's information hub, Off Your Game: How Climate Change Could Slow Down the 2026 World Cup.
Check in regularly and sign up for email alerts so you never miss an important update. Adapting the sport to a warming world
Extremely hot June-July days are on the rise at all but two of the 2026 World Cup stadiums, according to another recent Climate Central analysis.
Extreme heat can affect more than performance — it can pose a serious health risk, especially when combined with high humidity.
To keep players, fans, and staff safe, World Cup organizers are adapting to the rising heat risks with more evening matches in hotter cities and mandatory hydration breaks at all 104 matches. Matches may be postponed if the web-bulb globe temperature (a measurement of humid heat) hits 32°C (89.6°F) to minimize risks of heat stress.
But most stadiums are open-air, leaving players and millions of fans exposed to peak summer heat. Only three stadiums are fully climate-controlled (Atlanta, Dallas, and Houston).
To request an interview with a Climate Central expert about this analysis, please contact Abbie Veitch, aveitch@climatecentral.org. METHODOLOGY
A study by Chmura et al. (2017) examined how soccer player performance was affected by temperature during the 2014 World Cup in Brazil, finding declines in key performance metrics above 28°C (82.4°F). We use this threshold to assess the likelihood of conditions associated with performance impacts during 2026 World Cup matches, using data from Climate Central's Climate Shift Index (CSI) system.
For each soccer match, we identified the nearest grid cell (0.25° resolution, based on ERA5) and matched the date to the closest available day in the CSI system, which represents a 30-day climatological window centered on that date. We then computed the probability that daily maximum temperature exceeds this threshold under two scenarios: a counterfactual climate without climate change (0°C of warming) and the current climate (~1.3°C of warming above pre-industrial levels).
Here, we present the likelihood that maximum daily temperatures for each of the 104 scheduled matches will exceed the performance-impairing threshold (28°C or 82.4°F) in our current climate and how many percentage points are due to climate change. Though some matches are scheduled to start after daily temperatures will likely peak, heat can linger into the evening.
The CSI framework combines observational data and climate model simulations to estimate these probabilities, capturing both real-world temperature patterns and modeled climate change.
Results for the current (2026) climate represent the likelihood of performance-impairing temperatures based on climate models and may differ from actual 2026 match-day conditions.

Warming caused by climate change could impair player performance and affect match strategy at the 2026 World Cup.

2026 World Cup: Climate Change Boosts Performance-Impairing Heat at Nearly Every Match

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The Federal Government has warned that climate change poses a growing threat to food security, livelihoods and national security, urging Nigerians to embrace climate action and sustainable practices to mitigate its impact.
The Director of the Department of Climate Change at the Federal Ministry of Environment, Iniobong Abiola-Awe, stated this on Thursday during a dialogue organised for secondary school students by the C-Circle Foundation to commemorate the 2026 World Environment Day.
Represented by the Principal Scientific Officer in the department, Mrs Dolapo John-Akhigbe, Abiola-Awe said climate change remained the defining challenge of the current generation, with far-reaching consequences for human existence.
She said, 'Climate change is the defining challenge of our generation. Rising global temperatures, extreme weather events, biodiversity loss and environmental degradation threaten every aspect of human life, from food security and water availability to health, livelihoods and national security.'
According to her, Nigeria remains disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of climate change despite contributing minimally to global greenhouse gas emissions.
'Nigeria, like many developing nations, is disproportionately vulnerable to these climate impacts despite contributing minimally to global greenhouse gas emissions.
'Yet, in this challenge lies an unprecedented opportunity, the opportunity to reimagine our economies, reshape our industries and reorient our societies toward sustainability,' she said.
Abiola-Awe said Nigeria had committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 29 per cent unconditionally and by 52 per cent with international support by 2030, while targeting net-zero emissions by 2060.
She also highlighted government interventions, including the Climate Change Act 2021, the Energy Transition Plan, the Great Green Wall Initiative and the National Adaptation Plan, aimed at building resilience and promoting low-carbon development.
Addressing students participating in the competition, she urged young Nigerians to become champions of climate action.
'To our students and participants in today's debate and dialogue: you are not just the leaders of tomorrow; you are the agents of change today.
'Your voices matter. Your ideas are powerful. Your generation has the creativity, energy and moral conviction to drive the transformation our world so urgently needs,' she said.
Speaking earlier, the organiser of the event and Executive Director of C-Circle Foundation for Sustainable Health and Environment, Dr Chimere Ohajinwa, said the annual competition was designed to raise awareness about environmental issues among young people.
'The idea is to raise awareness on environmental issues. Every year, we do this in commemoration of World Environment Day. The theme for this year is climate change and a sustainable future,' she said.
Ohajinwa noted that the effects of climate change were already being felt across the country through rising temperatures, irregular rainfall patterns, flooding and drought.
'We're already experiencing it. There is an increase in temperature. The rainfall is no longer the way it used to be. We are having flooding. We are having issues. If you're having flooding, there may be drought as well,' she said.
According to her, climate change is worsening existing socio-economic challenges, particularly in the agricultural sector.
'The grasses are not growing the way they're supposed to grow. Then it's causing farmers and herders to have clashes.
'That also means that food inflation is increasing because people who are supposed to farm for us are being displaced from their homes and are now living in IDP camps,' she said.
Ohajinwa explained that this year's event departed from the traditional debate format and adopted dialogue to encourage learning and collective problem-solving.
'This year is not going to be a debate. It's going to be a dialogue. It's a special edition because climate change and a sustainable future are not what we are going to be debating. It's about raising awareness. It's about you understanding what you're doing,' she said.
She said the platform was also intended to improve students' public speaking skills while helping them understand the relationship between environmental degradation, public health and food systems.
'This platform is set up to increase public speaking. Even while we are raising awareness on environment and health, we are also discussing how our environment affects our health, how it's affecting our food system and how it's affecting us, even though we pretend not to notice it,' she added.
Ohajinwa further blamed human activities for some of the environmental challenges confronting the country, urging Nigerians to adopt responsible waste disposal practices and environmental stewardship.
The programme was held in Abuja as part of activities marking the 2026 World Environment Day, with students drawn from different schools to participate in a climate change dialogue organised by the C-Circle Foundation.
The event brought together government representatives and environmental experts to sensitise young people on the growing impact of climate change on food systems, livelihoods and national security in Nigeria.

Climate change threatens food, national security — FG

Join us at the Lauterpacht Centre to hear from Professor Dan Bodansky of Arizona State University bring an international law perspective to the question 'may we engineer the climate?'.
Professor Bodansky is a leading authority on international environmental law generally, and global climate change law in particular. He has previously served as the Climate Change Coordinator and attorney-advisor at the U.S. Department of State. His books, including "The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law", and "International Climate Change Law" have received highly prestigious awards in the field of environmental governance.

Date: 29th June, 5:00-6:30pm, followed by refreshmentsLocation: The Lauterpacht Centre, 5 Cranmer Rd, CB3 9BLOpen to all

May we engineer the climate? An international law perspective

Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala and Tracy-Lynn Field of the Mandela Institute alongside several other organisations have asked to participate as friends of the court (amicus curiae). Their brief argues that African states have a duty to protect the climate system because a safe, stable climate is essential for people's rights.
The continent has made the least historical contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, which drive climate change. But it suffers unequally and more heavily from climate disasters like drought, floods, heatwaves and rising sea levels. All of these threaten human health and safety, food and water security and the development of society and the economy.
Climate change disrupts ecosystems, causes crop failure and lost food production, and increases poverty, disease, loss of lives and livelihoods, water and energy insecurity and loss of natural and cultural heritage.
Climate change is a major obstacle to development. This is because Africa's economies are very sensitive to climate change disasters and extreme changes to the climate. In fact, climate change threatens to reverse decades of development gains across Africa. We further argue in our brief to the court that in African countries, development cannot be understood purely through economic growth or gross domestic product figures.
Rather, development is also about giving people the ability to shape their own futures by protecting the environment, communities and culture.
Read more: Historic climate change ruling from the International Court of Justice: what it means for Africa
This broader idea of sustainable development is protected by the African Charter. Article 22 says all people have the right to economic, social and cultural development. Article 24 says they have the right to a healthy environment that supports that development. Other African agreements, such as the Maputo Protocol to the African Charter, which protects women's rights, and the Algiers Convention on nature conservation, also stress that development must be sustainable, fair and balanced.
The Mandela Institute amicus brief argues that a safe and stable climate is necessary if people are to realise or achieve their right to development. The brief also argues that a safe and stable climate is essential for the right to freely control and benefit from natural resources.
The rights to economic, social and cultural development and to national and international peace and security cannot be realised in a rapidly warming world.
Read more: Climate justice for Africa: 3 legal routes for countries that suffer the most harm
There is growing international agreement that fossil fuel projects must be phased out. They have undermined people's rights in the past and will likely continue to do so in future. Our brief also acknowledges scientific evidence about increasing temperatures and global warming, which harm the climate system and threaten the right to development.
It therefore urges governments to cooperate and to make climate decisions based on best available science, because Africa is especially vulnerable to climate change.
Read more: Iran war is exposing South Africa's dependency on diesel: what went wrong
In other words, African governments should have a legal duty to prevent serious damage to the climate. They need to act urgently, carefully and according to the best available science as climate risks grow.
Our brief argues that climate action and human rights are closely linked. We point out that the African Union was created to protect both individual and peoples' rights under the African Charter.
Advisory opinions give advice and are not legally binding. But they help explain what countries are already required to do under international law. They also guide courts on how to apply those rules. In this way, they can shape how governments, business and the public understand their responsibilities in the climate crisis.
In July 2025, the International Court of Justice in The Hague handed down a similar advisory opinion. That set out what the world's governments need to do to combat climate change. It said countries have legal obligations to protect the climate system and prevent serious environmental harm.
Read more: South Africa's laws aren't geared to protecting against climate change: judges are trying to fill the gap
Kenya, Ghana, Madagascar, South Africa, Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Mauritius, Burkina Faso and Egypt all made submissions about climate change damage for this case. So even though the opinion itself was not legally binding, it was still important for Africa. It set up a strong argument that governments must consider human rights, development and climate justice before they allow fossil fuels and high emissions projects to go ahead.
In the same way, the African Court's advisory opinion could become an important turning point for climate justice in Africa. The opinion could shape how development, human rights and climate accountability are understood across the continent.
Read more: Nigeria and South Africa plan to boost fossil fuel production, risking their climate change pledges
The Mandela Institute hopes that the African Court will make it clear that African governments have a duty to protect the climate as part of their responsibility to ensure people can live in a healthy environment, benefit fairly from natural resources, develop economically and socially, and live in peace and security. These are the rights contained in the African Charter.
As global pressure grows to phase out fossil fuels, we also hope the court will clarify that governments must reduce dependence on fossil fuels when these projects threaten people's rights.

Africa's Climate Crisis Is A Legal Crisis Too: What Are States' Duties Under Human Rights Law?. A landmark climate case is being heard by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The request…

Africa's Climate Crisis Is A Legal Crisis Too: What Are States' Duties Under Human Rights Law?

Most Irish people do not believe the country is prepared for the impacts of climate change, but favour greater investment in public transport and EV grants over higher carbon taxes or fuel costs.
Experts have warned that the cost-of-living pressures on households mean they cannot or are unwilling to shoulder the burden alone and need policymakers to urgently step in.
A poll of 1,056 adults for the Irish Examiner by Ipsos B&A found that 80% of adults believe that climate change is real but may be more pre-occupied with more immediate economic pressures. A similar proportion believe that the global economy will worsen in the short term.
The results suggest many Irish people see themselves as environmentally conscious, but are not making significant changes to their own behaviour.
CLIMATE & SUSTAINABILITY HUB
Today, Monday June 1, the 'Irish Examiner' publishes an in-depth analysis — in print and online here — of its new Ipsos B&A poll on Irish people's attitudes to issues including climate change
"Similar patterns are consistently observed across international research, where awareness does not always translate into meaningful behavioural change,' said Marica Cassarino, environmental psychologist at UCC and member of the Psychological Society of Ireland's special interest group for addressing the climate and environmental emergency.
Ms Cassarino said that supporting climate adaptation measures such as flood preparedness and mitigation such as shifting to more sustainable forms of transport needs systems that make these options more accessible and attractive while at the same time gradually discouraging the unsustainable practices.
For this to happen, there needs to be a strong structural and policy environment in which these choices are made.
'The strong preference expressed in the poll for incentives over punitive measures, such as carbon taxes, can also be interpreted through the lens of the current cost-of-living crisis,' she said.
'For many households, particularly those reliant on fossil fuels for transport or home heating, policies perceived to impose immediate financial costs and efforts may feel difficult to accept, even where long-term benefits are recognised.'
The poll was conducted in late April and early May, after the fuel protests which brought Ireland to a standstill several weeks prior and amid the ongoing price surge that followed the US and Israeli war in Iran.
It found that 59% of people think the Government isn't doing enough with the available resources it has on climate change, with less than one in five (18%) deeming their current efforts adequate.
The poll identifies a perception gap, with 34% of people saying climate action has become more personally important to them while at the same only 27% say that the Government has made it more of a priority.
Breffní Lennon, a research fellow in the School of Engineering and Architecture and the Sustainability Institute at UCC, said that historically the Government has reneged on its responsibilites through underinvestment in sectors such as public transport.
'We are supposed to be living in a 'climate emergency' but it feels more like we are living through a slow-motion car crash, when we step back and look at Government performance,' he said.
'And the gap between personal and state prioritisation is very telling. If Government does not start to take the climate emergency more seriously, we are still going to hit the wall.'
A poll of 1,056 adults for the Irish Examiner by Ipsos B&A found that 80% of adults believe that climate change is real but may be more pre-occupied with more immediate economic pressures
While people feel aware of the issues around climate change, a significant proportion aren't doing anything about it.
The poll found that 71% of adults identify as environmentally conscious, but only 14% make significant behavioural changes.
Around 26% of people say they consider themselves environmentally friendly yet don't modify their behavior at all.
There were significant differences by age and gender, with 11% of women describing themselves as environmentally conscious and that it alters their behaviour significantly compared to 18% of men.
Furthermore, 34% of 18-24-year-olds described themselves as environmentally conscious but said it doesn't really alter their behaviour compared to 17% of people aged 65 and over.
The reasons given as to why people don't take action is the financial freedom to do so (cited by 59% of people), followed by a lack of Government supports (37%) and infrastructure gaps (31%).
This suggests that environmental intent is not translating into action, with economic constraints a significant issue.
Sinéad Sheehan, who researches climate action and eco-emotions based in Ryan Institute and School of Psychology, University of Galway, highlighted the impact of these constraints as holding back people's ability to make their own personal contribution to being more sustainable.
'The results of the report suggest that people are concerned about climate change and around 70% of people wish to change their behaviour accordingly,' she said.
'However, it is clear that there are significant structural constraints to behaviour change, in relation to financial barriers or perhaps access, if we consider rural public transport as an example.'
Mr Lennon said it was "very telling" that only 14% make behavioural changes.
'It indicates, despite the positive spin put out there about 'consumer agency' — the power of one, etc — people are actually locked-in to economic and social systems that are difficult to change through individual actions alone,' he said.
When it comes to actions they want to see taken, there is a clear preference among the public for investment over taxation.
Support is highest for greater investment in public transport (65%), wind energy (58%), solar (54%), and higher EV grants (44%).
At the other end, there is least support for higher carbon taxes (11%), higher petrol/diesel taxes (11%), and reducing the national herd.
The results suggest a clear preference for incentive-driven and infrastructure-focused measures rather than taxation measures that hit households' pockets.
James Green, a health psychologist specialising in behavioural science at the University of Limerick, said the findings point to a significant opportunity for more ambitious structural change. File picture: Alan Place
James Green, a health psychologist specialising in behavioural science at the University of Limerick, said the findings point to a significant opportunity for more ambitious structural change, rather than continuing to place the burden primarily on individuals.
'The apparent lack of public appetite for punitive measures is unsurprising; behavioural evidence consistently shows that people are more receptive to change when environments and systems support it, rather than when they feel constrained or penalised,' he said.
'What is striking, however, is the broad consensus across demographic groups that climate change is real. The relative consistency of this belief across respondent groups indicates that the issue is not one of awareness or denial, but of translating concern into meaningful action.'
The Environmental Protection Agency conducts its own research into public perceptions around climate change with a recent study breaking the population into 'the Four Irelands' when it comes to climate change: The alarmed, the concerned, the cautious and the doubtful.
'Successfully addressing the challenge of climate change requires a diversity of messages, messengers, and methods that reach each of these audiences, and must be tailored to meet their particular needs, and [our studies] provides a useful framework to help climate communicators identify and understand their target audiences to engage the public more effectively about climate change and solutions,' a spokesperson said.
In terms of preparedness for climate change, 17% of people said they agreed that they personally were ready for the impacts of climate change compared to 47% who said they weren't.
This pessimism deepened when asked about the country as a whole. A majority of people think both that Ireland is not prepared for the impacts of climate change (61%) and that society has not done enough to be prepared for the effects of climate change (63%).
Mr Lennon added: 'I think a notable impression to take away from this survey is that people are far more engaged and knowledgeable than they are sometimes given credit for — which is encouraging — but the systemic and institutional inequalities that we are experiencing are being translated into individual experiences in real-time and hindering our individual (and collective) agency to effect the changes that are needed.
'Individuals cannot instigate change unless the system is built to facilitate it. We are still missing those levers.'
Read More
New Luas Cork route unveiled with 27 stops as public consultation opens until June
Ireland can't turn the tide alone
On a regular basis, another climate report lands in the inbox — from the Climate Change Advisory Council, the Environmental Protection Agency, the EU's Copernicus service, or academic researchers.
Each focuses on a different facet, but the message is much the same: Man-made climate change is accelerating, emissions are not falling fast enough, and targets are being missed.
The longer this goes on, the planet gets hotter, the storms get stormier, and the risk to businesses and livelihoods from floods only heighten.
Experts in the field could be forgiven for being blue in the face sending us the same messages time and time again.
In the past month alone, data has shown Europe is warming faster than any other continent. Just weeks later, Ireland was among the countries to record its hottest May day on record.
Professor Peter Thorne from Maynooth University remarked that 'to break the all-time May record by more than 2 degrees is hard to comprehend'.
After a miserable and rainy start to the year in Ireland, people could be forgiven for making the most of a few hot days. But it doesn't take from the fact that such heatwaves are becoming more normalised and bring with them a host of problems as they pose a risk to the nation's health.
This poll commissioned by the Irish Examiner in recent weeks delves into how people are feeling about it all.
Several experts believe governments and policymakers need to be upfront with the public, emphasising that action on climate change does not have to come at the expense of the cost of living.
As Marica Cassarino from UCC told us: 'Issues such as cost of living, migration, and resource pressures are closely tied to global environmental and geopolitical dynamics, yet this complexity can be difficult for individuals to fully engage with.
'This highlights the need for clear, trusted communication that helps people make sense of these interconnections, fostering more systemic thinking, and, ultimately, supporting more sustained climate-positive behaviours.'
Tiny little Ireland of course can't turn the tide alone, of course.
But we can take measures that will mitigate as best we can the very real and devastating effects of climate change that will happen — and in some cases already are happening — to our citizens.
These findings suggest Irish people are more than willing to be onboard. They just need the right support and guidance to make it happen, and it is something the Government simply cannot ignore.
This article was funded by the News Reporting Scheme

'Irish Examiner' poll finds strong support for incentives and infrastructure investment, but little appetite for new climate-related taxes

Irish people believe in climate change — we just don't want to pay more for it

Geneva, 21 May 2026:- Responding to the landslide vote by the UN General Assembly (UNGA) to adopt an International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling that countries have a legal obligation to address climate change, Dr Jeni Miller, Executive Director of the Global Climate and Health Alliance said:
' From the World Health Assembly in Geneva, we salute an historic step for climate justice and global public health. Today's UNGA resolution sends a clear message: the era of impunity for fossil fuel-driven harm is coming to an end. By welcoming and advancing the ICJ Advisory Opinion, governments have affirmed that climate action is not optional, it is a legal, moral, and public health obligation. This is a powerful signal supporting the rightful claims of frontline communities, health workers, young people, Indigenous Peoples, and all those demanding a fair, sustainable, and healthy future.'
About GCHA
The Global Climate and Health Alliance is a consortium of more than 250 health professional and health civil society organisations and networks from around the world addressing climate change. We are united by a shared vision of an equitable, sustainable future, in which the health impacts of climate change are minimised, and the health co-benefits of climate change mitigation are maximised.

This is a powerful signal supporting the rightful claims of frontline communities, health workers, young people, Indigenous Peoples, and all those demanding a fair, sustainable, and healthy future, says Dr Jeni Miller, Executive Director of the GCHA.

Global Climate And Health Alliance Response To UNGA Vote On ICJ Climate Ruling

GATINEAU, QC, June 5, 2026 /CNW/ - Today, Environment and Climate Change Canada presented a seasonal outlook for the summer. Experts predicted warmer-than-normal temperatures across most of Canada. Although some regions have received higher-than-normal amounts of precipitation in recent months, delaying conditions favourable for wildfire, fire risk is expected to increase as the summer progresses.
This spring, most of Canada experienced a cold and wet start with brief warm-ups. There are some exceptions, such as southern British Columbia, the eastern Northwest Territories, Nunavut, northeastern Quebec, and Labrador, as those areas have had more dry weather.
A transition to El Niño is expected to develop this summer, taking full effect later this year. El Niño occurs when the surface water temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become warmer than average. This rise in temperature changes the atmosphere circulation and weather patterns around the globe, which can impact food supplies, energy systems, and influence extreme climate, such as wildfire risk and a change in air‑quality conditions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada uses a variety of tools, such as Canada's Air Quality Health Index (AQHI), to help people understand what the air quality around them means for their health.
Thunderstorm Outlooks will be available on Canada.ca/weather and the WeatherCAN app next week. They will show where conditions may become favourable for thunderstorms or tornadoes in the next 36 hours. This will help emergency managers, industries, and the public stay aware and prepare before potentially dangerous weather develops.
Understanding the risks of these extreme weather events can help Canadians make informed decisions to protect their health, safety, and property. The public is urged to regularly monitor weather forecasts, monitor the AQHI and UV Index, take all weather alerts seriously, and get prepared this summer. Canadians can download the WeatherCAN app to receive weather alerts directly on their mobile devices and set personal notifications for temperature and the AQHI.
Quick facts
Climate change is causing extreme hot temperatures at a greater frequency than in the past, increasing the severity of heat waves and contributing to the risk of drought and wildfires.
Thunderstorm Outlooks will provide early awareness of potential storm activity and help people in Canada plan in advance.
Thunderstorms remain one of Canada's most frequent hazardous weather types, producing potentially life-threatening lightning, hail, damaging winds, flash floods, and tornadoes. Remember, when thunder roars, go indoors!
As Canada's official source for weather forecasts and alerts, Environment and Climate Change Canada is modernizing its public weather program to better serve Canadians. Following the successful introduction of colour-coded weather alerts, over the next year the Department will continue to launch a series of initiatives to improve its services, ensuring Canadians have the most accurate weather information when they need it most.
For the latest forecasts and severe weather warnings, visit Canada.ca/weather and download our meteorologist-verified WeatherCAN app (available for Android and iOS devices).
Associated links
Environment and Climate Change Canada's X page
Environment and Climate Change Canada's Facebook page
Environment and Natural Resources in Canada's Facebook page
Environment and Climate Change Canada's LinkedIn page
Environment and Climate Change Canada's Instagram page
SOURCE Environment and Climate Change Canada
Contacts: Keean Nembhard, Press Secretary, Office of the Minister of the Environment, Climate Change and Nature, 343-552-2387, [email protected]; Media Relations, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 819-938-3338 or 1-844-836-7799 (toll-free), [email protected]

/CNW/ - Today, Environment and Climate Change Canada presented a seasonal outlook for the summer. Experts predicted warmer-than-normal temperatures across most...

Environment and Climate Change Canada presents summer seasonal outlook

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The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) on Tuesday warned of a likely return of a strong El Niño event this year, raising concerns about more extreme weather worldwide as climate change amplifies its effects, Reuters reported.The UN weather body said there is an 80% chance of El Niño developing between June and August and a 90% probability that it will persist until at least November, marking the clearest indication yet of the weather phenomenon's return.El Niño occurs every 2 to 7 years when weakening trade winds cause warmer-than-average waters in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The phenomenon is associated with higher global temperatures, disrupted rainfall patterns and changes in hurricane activity, often bringing drought to some regions and heavy rainfall to others.According to the WMO, one major concern is that this year's El Niño could be stronger than usual. While uncertainty remains, some climate models suggest a 'strong' event, defined by sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific rising at least 1.5 degrees Celsius above average.Scientists also warned that climate change could intensify the effects of El Niño. Global temperatures have risen by around 1.3 degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times due to greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the likelihood of more severe heatwaves, droughts, floods and other weather-related disasters.'When we get an El Nino, because of the underlying climate change ... these things become more intensified and they're more impactful,' Piers Forster, Professor of Physical Climate Change at the University of Leeds was quoted by Reuters as saying.The WMO warned that the combination of climate change and El Niño could make 2027 the hottest year on record. The last El Niño year, 2024, currently holds that record and was classified as a strong event.Scientists said the weather pattern affects regions differently. Southern South America and parts of Central Asia typically receive more rainfall during El Niño events, while Central America and Australia often experience drier conditions. The phenomenon can also intensify heatwaves and create favourable conditions for stronger tropical cyclones.'When you have an El Nino over what climate change already brought, the risks are enormous,' said Francisco Aquino, head of the University of Rio Grande do Sul's climate centre. 'A strong El Nino can lead to the exact same scenario we saw then, because the world keeps getting warmer, and the temperature in the ocean keeps rising.'

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) on Tuesday warned of a likely return of a strong El Niño event this year, raising concerns about more extreme weather worldwide as climate change amplifies…

Strong El Niño likely this year, climate change could intensify extreme weather: WMO

5 June 2026 - Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala and Tracy-Lynn Field
A landmark climate case before the African Court asks what African states must do to protect human rights, phase out fossil fuels, and tackle climate change.
A landmark climate case is being heard by the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. The request was brought by the Pan African Lawyers Union and other African civil society organisations. They've asked the court to issue advice on what responsibilities African governments have to protect their countries against the climate crisis and move away from an economy that harms the environment.
Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala and Tracy-Lynn Field of the Mandela Institute alongside several other organisations have asked to participate as friends of the court (amicus curiae). Their brief argues that African states have a duty to protect the climate system because a safe, stable climate is essential for people's rights. What are the major climate change problems Africa faces?
The continent has made the least historical contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, which drive climate change. But it suffers unequally and more heavily from climate disasters like drought, floods, heatwaves and rising sea levels. All of these threaten human health and safety, food and water security and the development of society and the economy.
Climate change disrupts ecosystems, causes crop failure and lost food production, and increases poverty, disease, loss of lives and livelihoods, water and energy insecurity and loss of natural and cultural heritage. What will climate change do to Africa's development?
Climate change is a major obstacle to development. This is because Africa's economies are very sensitive to climate change disasters and extreme changes to the climate. In fact, climate change threatens to reverse decades of development gains across Africa. We further argue in our brief to the court that in African countries, development cannot be understood purely through economic growth or gross domestic product figures.
Rather, development is also about giving people the ability to shape their own futures by protecting the environment, communities and culture.
This broader idea of sustainable development is protected by the African Charter. Article 22 says all people have the right to economic, social and cultural development. Article 24 says they have the right to a healthy environment that supports that development. Other African agreements, such as the Maputo Protocol to the African Charter, which protects women's rights, and the Algiers Convention on nature conservation, also stress that development must be sustainable, fair and balanced. What should the governments of African countries do to prevent climate change?
The Mandela Institute amicus brief argues that a safe and stable climate is necessary if people are to realise or achieve their right to development. The brief also argues that a safe and stable climate is essential for the right to freely control and benefit from natural resources.
The rights to economic, social and cultural development and to national and international peace and security cannot be realised in a rapidly warming world.
There is growing international agreement that fossil fuel projects must be phased out. They have undermined people's rights in the past and will likely continue to do so in future. Our brief also acknowledges scientific evidence about increasing temperatures and global warming, which harm the climate system and threaten the right to development.
It therefore urges governments to cooperate and to make climate decisions based on best available science, because Africa is especially vulnerable to climate change.
In other words, African governments should have a legal duty to prevent serious damage to the climate. They need to act urgently, carefully and according to the best available science as climate risks grow.
Our brief argues that climate action and human rights are closely linked. We point out that the African Union was created to protect both individual and peoples' rights under the African Charter. What do you hope the court will state in its advisory opinion?
Advisory opinions give advice and are not legally binding. But they help explain what countries are already required to do under international law. They also guide courts on how to apply those rules. In this way, they can shape how governments, business and the public understand their responsibilities in the climate crisis.
In July 2025, the International Court of Justice in The Hague handed down a similar advisory opinion. That set out what the world's governments need to do to combat climate change. It said countries have legal obligations to protect the climate system and prevent serious environmental harm.
Kenya, Ghana, Madagascar, South Africa, Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Mauritius, Burkina Faso and Egypt all made submissions about climate change damage for this case. So even though the opinion itself was not legally binding, it was still important for Africa. It set up a strong argument that governments must consider human rights, development and climate justice before they allow fossil fuels and high emissions projects to go ahead.
In the same way, the African Court's advisory opinion could become an important turning point for climate justice in Africa. The opinion could shape how development, human rights and climate accountability are understood across the continent.
The Mandela Institute hopes that the African Court will make it clear that African governments have a duty to protect the climate as part of their responsibility to ensure people can live in a healthy environment, benefit fairly from natural resources, develop economically and socially, and live in peace and security. These are the rights contained in the African Charter.
As global pressure grows to phase out fossil fuels, we also hope the court will clarify that governments must reduce dependence on fossil fuels when these projects threaten people's rights.
Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala, Legal Researcher, PhD Candidate and Lead of the African Climate Law Programme, Mandela Institute, University of the Witwatersrand and Tracy-Lynn Field, Director of the Mandela Institute, Professor of Law, University of the Witwatersrand
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

5 June 2026 - Zunaida Moosa Wadiwala and Tracy-Lynn Field A landmark climate case before the African Court asks what African states must do to protect human rights, phase out fossil fuels, and tackle…

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A recent workshop in Abuja trained Nigerian lawyers on the Climate Change Act and international climate negotiations, highlighting the growing importance of legal expertise in turning climate commitments into enforceable actions. While Nigeria's 2021 Climate Change Act established a strong legal framework, implementation gaps remain across ministries and states. As climate impacts intensify, courts worldwide are becoming arenas for holding governments and corporations accountable, and Nigeria is expected to follow this trend. The training aims to build a skilled legal community to support policy implementation, litigation, carbon markets, and negotiations, ensuring that Nigeria's climate ambitions move beyond aspirations.
"The quality of governance will determine whether we succeed or fail in tackling the climate emergency. But the judicial system may become our weak link.
We do not have strong lawyers representing Nigeria.
" - Ewah Eleri, ICEED. There was a time when climate change was considered the business of scientists, environmentalists and weather forecasters. Lawyers rarely featured in the conversation. But in today's world, where climate commitments are written into laws, budgets, contracts, regulations and international agreements, the lawyer has become as important as the scientist.
And, specifically in Nigeria, after Nigeria's Climate Change Act was signed into law in November 2021, the climate action dynamics have changed. Indeed, climate change is now a legal emergency. A fortnight ago, in Abuja, an unusual gathering took place. For five days, Nigerian lawyers sat together to deepen their understanding of the Climate Change Act and the intricate processes of international climate negotiations.
The pre-UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies workshop was organized by the International Centre for Energy, Environment and Development in partnership with the African Climate Foundation and the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, bringing together lawyers, legal academics, climate policy experts, negotiators, government representatives, and development partners to strengthen legal expertise in climate governance and enhance Nigeria's effectiveness in international climate negotiations. It is the gradual emergence of a legal army that could determine whether Nigeria's climate ambitions remain mere aspirations or become reality.
With Nigeria's growing regional climate leadership, engagement in global climate governance and the implementation of the Climate Change Act, 2021; we need a highly skilled legal community capable of supporting climate policy implementation, climate litigation, regulatory development, carbon market governance, and international climate negotiations. Nigeria made history in 2021 when it enacted the Climate Change Act. It was a bold move, one that placed the country among the few African nations with a comprehensive legal framework for climate governance.
The law established the National Council on Climate Change, set pathways for emissions reduction, and created obligations for public institutions to mainstream climate action into governance. However, as every Nigerian knows, passing a law is often the easiest part. Implementation is where the real battle begins. The Climate Change Act is now approaching its fifth year.
Yet, many ministries, departments and agencies still struggle to integrate climate considerations into planning and budgeting. Many state governments have yet to fully domesticate climate governance structures. For many citizens, the law remains a distant document with little visible impact on daily life. This is precisely why the training programme for lawyers may prove more significant than many realise.
Climate change is increasingly becoming a matter of rights, obligations and accountability. Around the world, courts are emerging as powerful arenas where governments and corporations are being challenged to honour their climate commitments. From Europe to Latin America, judges are being asked to determine whether climate inaction violates constitutional rights, threatens future generations, or breaches international obligations. Nigeria is unlikely to remain outside this global trend.
Just the same way we are a major regional driver after access to safe, affordable and accessible water was recognized by the United Nations General Assembly in 2010 as a human right, imposing legal obligations on governments to provide for their citizens. As floods continue to devastate communities, as desertification advances across the northern landscape, and as extreme weather events place growing pressure on livelihoods, questions of accountability will inevitably arise. Citizens will seek answers. Communities will seek remedies.
Governments will require legal guidance. Investors will demand regulatory certainty. This is where climate lawyers come in. The Abuja workshop exposed participants to the legal architecture of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement, carbon markets, climate finance, adaptation frameworks and negotiation procedures.
More importantly, it introduced them to the reality that climate diplomacy is increasingly a legal exercise, where lawyers contribute through treaty interpretation, legal drafting, position paper development, analysis of negotiation texts, identification of legal implications of proposed decisions, and advisory support to negotiators. So they require knowledge of negotiation structures, contact groups, agenda items, drafting procedures, and consensus-building techniques commonly used within international climate negotiations

A recent workshop in Abuja trained Nigerian lawyers on the Climate Change Act and international climate negotiations, highlighting the growing importance of legal expertise in turning climate commitme

Lawyers Emerge as Key Players in Nigeria's Climate Change Battle as Implementation Challenges Persist

) Installation Shows Climate Change in Belfast 5 June, 2026 Dr Oliver Dunnett showcasing the Climate Change Installation at the Elmwood Building Queen's University Belfast has launched a striking visual depiction of climate change in Belfast, showing a rapid rise in average annual temperatures in the city in

) Installation Shows Climate Change in Belfast 5 June, 2026 Dr Oliver Dunnett showcasing the Climate Change Installation at the Elmwood Building Queen's University Belfast has launched a striking…

Installation Shows Climate Change in Belfast (Queen's University Belfast)

ISLAMABAD: The fourth edition of the Gender and Climate Award ceremony was held on Wednesday with strong participation from government officials, diplomats, development partners and civil society representatives, reflecting the growing importance of women-led climate action in Pakistan.
The event, initiated by the French embassy, had expanded steadily over the years, drawing increasing numbers of applicants and partners. Organisers highlighted the continued support of key stakeholders, including the Ministry of Climate Change and Environmental Coordination, UNDP, UN Women, the Aga Khan Foundation and the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund.
Calling climate change a 'Polycrisis', PPP Vice President Senator Sherry Rehman described women as the 'last-mile managers of resilience' and urged greater investment in women-led climate action, saying it yielded a 10-fold return in community well-being.
She was delivering a keynote address at the Gender Climate Awards, jointly organised by the Civil Society Coalition for Climate Change, the Embassy of France, UN Women and UNDP to honour women climate leaders and grassroots champions.
French envoy reaffirms continued international support for Pakistan's climate initiatives
'Women are the primary caregivers, resource managers and first responders within households during climate emergencies,' Senator Sherry Rehman who also heads the Senate Standing Committee on Climate Change said.
'While men often engage with institutions and authorities, women manage resources at home and make critical decisions about food allocation, water use, healthcare and family survival,' Ms Rehman said.
Citing United Nations estimates, she said 80pc of people displaced by climate change were women and girls, who face heightened vulnerabilities due to unequal access to resources, healthcare, information and decision-making structures.
'Women are working against all odds in communities that do not always work with them,' she said, adding that 'they face development deficits and social constraints, yet they continue to lead adaptation efforts and build resilience where it is needed most'.
Senator Rehman said 72pc of the women in many rural communities spent up to three-quarters of their day collecting water and managing household water needs, a burden worsened by climate-induced scarcity.
'These women are carrying the heaviest burdens of climate change long before disasters make headlines. They are walking longer distances for water, managing shrinking resources, coping with declining agricultural productivity and ensuring the survival of their families,' she said.
Calling this the 'scarcity century', she said climate change was driving interconnected challenges in water, food, agriculture, health and economic security.
She recalled the 2022 floods that submerged one-third of Pakistan, noting that more than 650,000 pregnant women were affected. Many struggled to access healthcare, and some were forced to give birth in boats.
'When a woman experiences a climate catastrophe, the impacts extend across every dimension of her life. Women face heightened risks of displacement, exploitation, violence, and economic insecurity, yet they continue to hold families together and lead recovery efforts,' she said.
Sherry Rehman said women were not merely victims but among the most effective responders. 'The battle is already being fought in villages, farms, households, and communities across Pakistan. Women are heroes of change,' she added.
Warning of intensifying impacts, Senator Rehman said parts of southern Pakistan were increasingly seeing temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius.
'Heat waves, water scarcity, changing rainfall patterns, and declining crop yields are no longer future risks. They are today's realities.'
She described women's care work as one of the country's most under-recognised contributions to social and economic development.
'Much of their labour remains undocumented, uncompensated and undervalued. Yet they continue to nurture families, sustain livelihoods, and strengthen community resilience,' Ms Rehman said.
Urging governments, development institutions and civil society to back women-led solutions, she said: 'We must continue to invest in women who are searching for solutions, even when they do not know where to find opportunities. Women are the custodians of community resilience.'
More than 350 applications were received this year, underscoring the scale and diversity of women's contributions to climate resilience and environmental protection across the country.
Speaking at the event, Ambassador of France Nicolas Galey said the award primarily aimed to recognise grassroots efforts by Pakistani women working under challenging conditions to address climate change.
Two winners were selected following a competitive process. Zillay Mariam was recognised for her work in green enterprise and innovative solutions for plastic and organic waste management, while Songul Jamal was honoured for her efforts in protecting fragile coral ecosystems.
The ambassador reaffirmed continued international support for Pakistan's climate initiatives, with a particular focus on gender equality, inclusivity and community-driven solutions.
Published in Dawn, June 4th, 2026

French envoy reaffirms continued international support for Pakistan's climate initiatives.

Sherry urges greater investment in women-led climate action

Korea Environment Institute Releases Water Management Report Annual Shortage of 4.27 Million Tons Projected for 2030 Without Climate Change Climate Change Could Push Shortage to 33.74 Million Tons Annually "Water Management Plans Must Reflect Future Risks"
Yeouido Hangang Park in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, on May 18. Yonhap News
Korea's future water shortages could surge dramatically and the financial resources needed to address them could rise sharply if climate change accelerates, a new report warns.
According to the Korea Environment Institute's report, "A Study on Financial Estimation Methods for Water Management in Response to the Climate Crisis," released Friday, an annual shortfall of 4.27 million tons of water is projected for 2030 in achieving the government's target of Grade 1 water supply reliability. The 4.27 million tons figure equals the annual water consumption of approximately 38,000 people, and assumes a scenario without climate change.
The problem is that water shortages surge dramatically when climate change scenarios are factored in.
Researchers applied a median scenario probabilistically combining two pathways: one in which greenhouse gas emissions are immediately reduced and global carbon dioxide concentrations remain at the current level of 420 ppm by 2100 (RCP 2.6), and another in which emissions continue at current rates and concentrations reach 940 ppm by 2100 (RCP 8.5).
Under this scenario, the median water shortage for 2030 reaches 33.74 million tons annually, eight times higher than the case without climate change. This represents the volume of water used by approximately 300,000 people over one year. In particular, the Geum River basin, which was not expected to face shortages in the absence of climate change, would see an annual shortfall surge to 24.23 million tons.
The financial resources needed to address the climate-driven surge in water shortages were estimated at approximately 620 billion to 1 trillion won. The estimate applies measures sequentially starting with the lowest-cost options, and represents an increase of nearly six times compared with the scenario assuming no climate change (approximately 170 billion won).
"A national standard water management future outlook scenario must be developed, and a national climate-water risk map must be established," the researchers said. "Water management standards and plans must be fundamentally reformed to reflect future risks from climate change."

Korea's water shortage could surge eightfold to 33.74 million tons annually by 2030 due to climate change, with required spending rising up to six times to 1 trillion won, a Korea Environment Institute report warns.

Climate Change Could Multiply Korea's Water Shortage Eightfold by 2030

WASHINGTON – Today, Rep. Lauren Underwood released a new report detailing the impact and success of her Farmers Fighting Climate Change Act since the legislation was signed into law four years ago. Since 2022, the law made sure farmers are paid for their contributions to our nation's climate solutions and has led to a substantial increase in conservation on American farmland nationwide.
'Five years ago, I introduced the Farmers Fighting Climate Change Act after hearing from so many Illinois farmers who are facing flooding, delayed planting, and a need for better tools to fight our climate crisis. As we continue our work to support our agricultural communities, I am so proud to share this report on the success of the Farmers Fighting Climate Change Act,' said Representative Lauren Underwood. 'This law is making a real impact on the ground, lowering costs, and helping farmers transition to sustainable farming practices that build resilience, improve soil health, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.'
The Farmers Fighting Climate Change Act expanded the resources available to farmers through the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP). The legislation was signed into law as part of the Inflation Reduction Act in 2022, and its impact is now reaching producers and improving climate resilience across agricultural communities.
Under the Farmers Fighting Climate Change Act:
More than $3.25 billion in funding was made available to farmers for sustainable farming practices. So far, more than $620 million has been allocated.
More than 11 million acres of American farmland have enrolled in climate-smart conservation efforts.
Farmers in Illinois have so far received more than $65 million to support conservation efforts on their land.
Read the full report on how the Farmer's Fighting Climate Act is building a more sustainable future for American Agriculture here .
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WASHINGTON – Today, Rep. Lauren Underwood released a new report detailing the impact and success of her Farmers Fighting Climate Change Act since the legislation was signed into law four years ago.…

Underwood Releases Report on Her Farm Conservation Law

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Reuters Climate Monitor preview: 'Tracking climate change at the speed of news'. How the data team is building a new initiative
Reuters Impact
Reuters Climate Monitor preview: 'Tracking climate change at the speed of news'. How the data team is building a new initiative
In a behind-the-scenes look, the Reuters data journalism team offers an early glimpse of the Reuters Climate Monitor, reflecting on how the project took shape, what gaps it aims to fill in climate coverage, and how it is designed to keep pace with fast-moving news. The team outlines the challenges of tracking climate change in real time while maintaining rigor and transparency, and explains how the initiative brings together data, reporting and visual storytelling to create a durable, newsroom-ready tool for global audiences.

In a behind-the-scenes look, the Reuters data journalism team offers an early glimpse of the Reuters Climate Monitor, reflecting on how the project took shape, what gaps it aims to fill in climate coverage, and how it is designed to keep pace with fast-moving news. The team outlines the challenges of tracking climate change in real time while maintaining rigor and transparency, and explains how the initiative brings together data, reporting and visual storytelling to create a durable, newsroom-ready tool for global audiences.

Reuters Climate Monitor preview: ‘Tracking climate change at the speed of news'. How the data team is building a new initiative

BRUSSELS, June 2 (Reuters) - The El Nino weather pattern is forming, and is expected to cause ⁠extreme ⁠weather around the world this year, the WMO said on ⁠Tuesday. Scientists say climate change will make its impact especially severe.
The World Meteorological Organization said there is an 80% chance that an El ​Nino event develops between June and August, and a 90% chance it will last until at least November. The statement is the clearest signal yet of the likelihood.
The El Nino phenomenon naturally occurs every two to ‌seven years, when weakening trade winds result in warmer waters ‌in the eastern Pacific. The result tends to be higher global temperatures, and disrupted rainfall - meaning drought in some regions, heavy rains in others. It also affects hurricane formation.
Two things make this year's forecast particularly ⁠worrying.
The first is the ⁠chance that this year's El Nino - and its impact - will be stronger than typical.
The WMO said there was still ​uncertainty, and some models predict a "strong" El Nino while others do not. WMO forecasts suggest a strong El Nino is possible, defined by sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific of at least 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) above average.
The second cause for concern is climate change.
Greenhouse gas emissions have increased the planet's average temperature by around 1.3C since pre-industrial times.
That higher baseline supercharges the effects of El Nino - enabling higher temperature spikes, more intense droughts, ​heatwaves, rains, and the resulting disasters, including bushfires, floods and crop failures.
"When we get an El Nino, because of the underlying climate change ... these things become more intensified and ⁠they're ⁠more impactful," said Piers Forster, Professor of Physical Climate ⁠Change at the University of Leeds.
The combination ​of climate change and El Nino has led the WMO to warn that 2027 could be the hottest year since records began. The last El Nino year, 2024, ​holds the record. That El Nino was regarded by the ⁠WMO as strong.
'THE RISKS ARE ENORMOUS'
Each El Nino is different, and its effects vary around the world - making it hard to predict how this one will behave.
Typically, regions including southern South America and parts of Central Asia get more rain in an El Nino, while Central America and Australia dry out. The phenomenon also intensifies heatwaves, including in regions far from the Pacific, such as Europe.
These effects can have disastrous consequences for food production, industries and human life.
In April to May 2024, floods in Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil killed more than 180 people and displaced 600,000. Scientists said both climate change and El Nino ⁠strengthened the rains that triggered the disaster.
Francisco Aquino, head of the University of Rio Grande do Sul's climate centre, said a strong El Nino ⁠this year risked causing a similar disaster.
"When you have an El Nino over what climate change already brought, the risks are enormous," Aquino told Reuters. "A strong El Nino can lead to the exact same scenario we saw then, because the world keeps getting warmer, and the temperature in the ocean keeps rising."
Climate change is also compounding the impact of El Ninos in southern Africa. There, the weather pattern reduces rainfall during the rainy season, limiting hydropower generation and cutting crop yields.
"Climate change will make that below-normal rainfall more intense, so it will last longer or have less rainfall... and that, of course, will affect agriculture, especially the rain-fed farmers in the region," said Izidine Pinto, a Senior Climate Researcher at the Netherlands Meteorological Institute.
Antonio Navarra, head of Italy's Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, said stronger Pacific cyclones were another impact governments should prepare for.
"Because the water in the Pacific will be much warmer, there will be a much more favourable environment for the formation of tropical cyclones.... El Nino will input an enormous amount of energy into the ⁠system, so everything will be more intense," he said.
Some scientists said the destruction likely from this year's El Nino could provide a foretaste of extremes that will become the norm in around five years' time even without an El Nino.
"It does give a window into the future," said Forster.
Theodore Keeping, Research Associate at Imperial College London, said El Nino's impact on atmospheric circulation means it affects weather patterns in a way that a warmer climate alone would not - but broadly speaking, it can offer a flavour of ​future climate change.
"You're able to kind of sample weather conditions that you would otherwise in a neutral El Nino [year] only expect to see in a ​warmer climate," he said.

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Analysis-A Strong El Nino May Be Imminent. Climate Change Will Make Its Effects Worse

Today, Environment and Climate Change Canada presented a seasonal outlook for the summer. Experts predicted warmer-than-normal temperatures across most of Canada. Although some regions have received higher-than-normal amounts of precipitation in recent months, delaying conditions favourable for wildfire, fire risk is expected to increase as the summer progresses.
This spring, most of Canada experienced a cold and wet start with brief warm-ups. There are some exceptions, such as southern British Columbia, the eastern Northwest Territories, Nunavut, northeastern Quebec, and Labrador, as those areas have had more dry weather.
A transition to El Niño is expected to develop this summer, taking full effect later this year. El Niño occurs when the surface water temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become warmer than average. This rise in temperature changes the atmosphere circulation and weather patterns around the globe, which can impact food supplies, energy systems, and influence extreme climate, such as wildfire risk and a change in air‑quality conditions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada uses a variety of tools, such as Canada's Air Quality Health Index (AQHI), to help people understand what the air quality around them means for their health.
Thunderstorm Outlooks will be available on Canada.ca/weather and the WeatherCAN app next week. They will show where conditions may become favourable for thunderstorms or tornadoes in the next 36 hours. This will help emergency managers, industries, and the public stay aware and prepare before potentially dangerous weather develops.
Understanding the risks of these extreme weather events can help Canadians make informed decisions to protect their health, safety, and property. The public is urged to regularly monitor weather forecasts, monitor the AQHI and UV Index, take all weather alerts seriously, and get prepared this summer. Canadians can download the WeatherCAN app to receive weather alerts directly on their mobile devices and set personal notifications for temperature and the AQHI.
Quick facts
Climate change is causing extreme hot temperatures at a greater frequency than in the past, increasing the severity of heat waves and contributing to the risk of drought and wildfires.
Thunderstorm Outlooks will provide early awareness of potential storm activity and help people in Canada plan in advance.
Thunderstorms remain one of Canada's most frequent hazardous weather types, producing potentially life-threatening lightning, hail, damaging winds, flash floods, and tornadoes. Remember, when thunder roars, go indoors!
As Canada's official source for weather forecasts and alerts, Environment and Climate Change Canada is modernizing its public weather program to better serve Canadians.
Following the successful introduction of colour-coded weather alerts, over the next year the Department will continue to launch a series of initiatives to improve its services, ensuring Canadians have the most accurate weather information when they need it most.
For the latest forecasts and severe weather warnings, visit Canada.ca/weather and download our meteorologist-verified WeatherCAN app (available for Android and iOS devices).
Contacts
Keean Nembhard
Press Secretary
Office of the Minister of the Environment, Climate Change and Nature
343-552-2387
Keean.Nembhard@ec.gc.ca
Media Relations
Environment and Climate Change Canada
819-938-3338 or 1-844-836-7799 (toll-free)
media@ec.gc.ca
Environment and Climate Change Canada's X page
Environment and Climate Change Canada's Facebook page
Environment and Natural Resources in Canada's Facebook page
Environment and Climate Change Canada's LinkedIn page
Environment and Climate Change Canada's Instagram page

Today, Environment and Climate Change Canada presented a seasonal outlook for the summer. Experts predicted warmer-than-normal temperatures across most of Canada.

Climate change is affecting smallholders' livelihoods and cultural landscapes in Konso, Ethiopia. The objective of this paper is therefore to identify the changes that have occurred in the livelihoods of smallholder farmers as a result of climate change and to assess the implications for the cultural landscape, recognizing that livelihood vulnerability and heritage sustainability are analytically distinguishable but empirically interlinked. We acknowledge that the cross-sectional design limits causal attribution of "changes over time," and findings primarily reflect associations and perceived trends rather than definitive causal pathways. We gathered data using a cross-sectional survey design together with interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were empirically collected from 371 smallholders in three districts delineated as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Vulnerability indices were generated using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index approach of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change. Principal component analysis was used to assign weights and create index for vulnerability-contributing indicators. The study revealed that high exposure indices were observed across the study districts which indicates that rainfall and temperature are extremely changing. Prolonged drought and erratic rainfall massively affect smallholders' livelihoods as well as cultural heritages. The ecosystems across the study districts exhibited high sensitivity to climate change. The study also indicates that smallholder's adaptive capacities were weakening due to the increasing effects of climate change and they are forced to focus on individual and short-term survival needs instead of collective and long-term heritage management. The high scores of the three major vulnerability contributing factors indicate that smallholders' livelihood is vulnerability to climate change. This has serious implications for sustainable management of the UNESCO World Heritage site, especially in culturally rich but economically fragile areas such as Konso. This demands to take into account the changing needs and interests of smallholders living in the cultural landscapes and their need for better livelihoods. The findings underscore the need for tailored adaptation strategies to improve the livelihoods of smallholders in the Konso and the perpetuation of the unique cultural landscape registered as UNESCO World Heritage site. We recommend continuous environmental and cultural capacity-building programs particularly targeting the youth to encourage their active participation in the conservation of the Konso cultural landscape.

Climate change is affecting smallholders' livelihoods and cultural landscapes in Konso, Ethiopia. The objective of this paper is therefore to identify the changes that have occurred in the livelihoods…

Assessing smallholders livelihood vulnerability to climate change in the Konso cultural landscape world heritage site

BERLIN, June 4 (Xinhua) -- Global climate governance is currently facing a "defining test," UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Stiell said in an interview with Xinhua. Escalating climate impacts and growing geopolitical instability make accelerated climate action increasingly urgent, he underlined.
"All over the world, communities and economies are feeling the effects of climate change -- from extreme heat, droughts and floods to food insecurity and economic disruption," said Stiell ahead of the World Environment Day due on Friday.
In a written reply to Xinhua, he noted that the war in the Middle East has also exposed the spiraling costs of fossil fuel dependency, affecting economies, businesses and households worldwide.
Against this backdrop, "a faster scale-up of renewables is now core business for every nation's energy security, stability and national sovereignty," Stiell said.
He described China as an example of this transition in action, saying the country's achievements since signing the Paris Agreement have set an example for the rest of the world. "Over this period, Chinese clean energy investment has almost doubled, with clean energy now a major driver of jobs, higher living standards, economic growth and energy security."
After meeting its 2020 climate action targets ahead of schedule in late 2019, China has set the dual carbon goals of peaking carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060.
"China has a track record not only meeting its climate and energy targets but exceeding them," said Stiell.
Countries reaffirmed at the 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) that the Paris Agreement must move further and faster, and that the global clean energy transition is irreversible. "This sends an important signal that international climate cooperation remains strong, even in a complex geopolitical environment," Stiell emphasized.
"No country can tackle climate change alone," he said, warning that without stronger international cooperation, climate impacts will worsen and their economic and social costs will continue to rise.
In this new era, he said, the international community should build on existing progress while shifting its focus toward faster delivery and turning commitments into tangible results for people, nature and economies.
"That means placing a real focus on what's known as the Global Climate Action Agenda, with governments, cities, companies and investors cutting deals and forming partnerships to deliver projects on the ground," he said.
At COP31 later this year, this agenda will focus more closely on issues related to the current energy and food crises as well as climate change. These issues include electrification and grid expansion to accelerate renewable energy deployment, methane reduction, food security, waste management and resilient cities, Stiell said.
"China plays an important role in this era of implementation," he said, adding that the country's large-scale investment in renewables is helping lower global costs and speed up the deployment of clean energy and resilience solutions worldwide. ■

Interview: Global climate governance faces "defining test," says UN climate chief-

Interview: Global climate governance faces "defining test," says UN climate chief

Under the International Health Regulations, a PHEIC can be declared in response to events such as disease outbreaks that are sudden, have a significant public health impact, spread internationally and require coordinated global action. The ongoing Ebola outbreak is one example of a situation that has been declared a PHEIC.
During the seminar, participants noted that climate change differs from such events. It is a long-term and slow-moving threat, which creates a conceptual mismatch with the PHEIC framework, designed for acute and time-limited crises. Comparisons were made with other gradual global health challenges, such as antimicrobial resistance.
At the same time, as it was emphasized, the health impacts of climate change are already substantial. For example, extreme heat is estimated to have caused more than 100,000 additional deaths in Europe during 2022–2023.
Increased political commitment or a diluted tool?
Speakers argued that recognizing climate change as a global health emergency could help mobilize stronger political commitment and international coordination. Others agreed with this potential impact but raised concerns that the tool risked becoming diluted and would be better reserved for events such as Ebola outbreaks. In a concluding show of hands, a majority of the audience at the seminar supported declaring climate change a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.
The discussion also highlighted the need for further research on how people and societies respond to slow-moving risks. Participants pointed to the potential to address climate change and non-communicable diseases together as a 'syndemic', linked through the food system.
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The full set of recommendations from the Pan-European Commission on Climate and Health is summarised in the statement Climate change is a health crisis – and fixing it is a health opportunity.

This question is currently being considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) and was also the topic of a panel discussion held by the Department of Global Public Health in May.

Should climate change be declared a global health emergency?

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GENEVA, June 5 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will participate in the 64th session of the Subsidiary Bodies (SBs) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), also known as the June Climate Meetings. The meetings are taking place in Bonn, Germany, from 8 to 18 June 2026.
The IPCC Chair, Jim Skea, will address the opening of the 18th Research Dialogue on 9 June. In his remarks, the Chair will provide an update on the progress of the seventh assessment cycle and cover some of the topics of this year's Research Dialogue, including advances in climate models and scenarios, the assessment of adaptation effectiveness, and the integration of Indigenous and local knowledge in the IPCC assessment process. Working Group II Co-Chair Prof. Bart van den Hurkand Working Group II Vice-Chair Cromwel Lukorito will deliver interventions at the plenary session of the Research Dialogue. Their interventions, respectively, will focus on pathways for accelerating sectoral transformation across national and regional contexts and sustainable development needs; and on understanding major transboundary, cascading and compounding climate risks.
IPCC Vice-Chair Diana Ürge-Vorsatz will take part as a panelist in the Expert Dialogue on gender and age disaggregated data and gender analysis in the context of climate change.
On the opening day of the conference, 8 June, the Deputy Secretary of the IPCC Ermira Fida will deliver a statement on behalf of the IPCC, during the joint opening plenary session.
On 10 and 11 June 2026, the IPCC will hold two side events; the first will look at the progress on the AR7 and the key cross-cutting topics of Expert Meetings and Workshops, while the second side event will focus on the launch of the report from the IPCC Workshop on Engaging Diverse Knowledge Systems held at the University of Reading, UK, in February this year.
In addition to these, IPCC experts will also be actively participating in other events and activities during the conference.
Further details about the events in this media advisory and other activities involving the IPCC will be available here.
For interview requests with the IPCC experts attending the 64th session of the Subsidiary Bodies in Bonn, please email ipcc-media@wmo.int.
For more information contact:
IPCC Press Office, Email: ipcc-media@wmo.int
Andrej Mahecic, +41 22 730 8516 or Werani Zabula, +41 22 730 8120
Notes for editors
What is the IPCC? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the UN body for assessing the science related to climate change. It was established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1988 to provide political leaders with periodic scientific assessments concerning climate change, its implications and risks, as well as to put forward adaptation and mitigation strategies. In the same year the UN General Assembly endorsed the action by the WMO and UNEP in jointly establishing the IPCC. It has 195 member states. Thousands of people from all over the world contribute to the work of the IPCC. For the assessment reports, experts volunteer their time as IPCC authors to assess the thousands of scientific papers published each year to provide a comprehensive summary of what is known about the drivers of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and how adaptation and mitigation can reduce those risks.
The IPCC has three working groups: Working Group I, dealing with the physical science basis of climate change; Working Group II, dealing with impacts, adaptation and vulnerability; and Working Group III, dealing with the mitigation of climate change. It also has a Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories that develops methodologies for measuring emissions and removals. IPCC assessments provide governments, at all levels, with scientific information that they can use to develop climate policies. IPCC assessments are a key input into the international negotiations to tackle climate change. IPCC reports are drafted and reviewed in several stages, thus guaranteeing objectivity and transparency.
About the Seventh Assessment Cycle
Comprehensive scientific assessment reports are published every 5 to 7 years. The IPCC is currently in its seventh assessment cycle, which formally began in July 2023 with the elections of the new IPCC and Task Force Bureaus at the IPCC's Plenary Session in Nairobi.
At its first Plenary Session in the seventh assessment cycle – the 60th Plenary Session in Istanbul, Türkiye, in January 2024 – the Panel agreed to produce in this cycle the three Working Group contributions to the Seventh Assessment Report (AR7), namely the Working Group I report on the Physical Science Basis, the Working Group II report on Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability and the Working Group III report on Mitigation of Climate Change. The Synthesis Report of the Seventh Assessment Report will be produced after the completion of the Working Group reports and released by late 2029.
During its 62nd Plenary Session held in Hangzhou, China, in February 2025, the Panel has agreed on the outlines of the three Working Group contributions to the Seventh Assessment Report (AR7).
At the Panel's most recent Plenary Session in Lima, Peru, in October 2025, member governments agreed on the scientific content of the 2027 Methodology Report on Carbon Dioxide Removal Technologies, Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage. There, the Panel also agreed on the 2026 workplan for the three Working Group contributions to the Seventh Assessment Report.
The Panel decided already during the previous cycle to produce a Special Report on Climate Change and Cities and a Methodology Report on Short-lived Climate Forcers during AR7.
At the IPCC's 61st Plenary Session held in Sofia, Bulgaria, from 27 July to 2 August 2024, the Panel agreed upon the outlines for the Special Report on Climate Change and Cities scheduled for approval and publication in March 2027 and for the 2027 IPCC Methodology Report on Inventories for Short-lived Climate Forcers scheduled for publication in the second half 2027.
In addition, a revision of the 1994 IPCC Technical Guidelines on impacts and adaptation as well as adaptation indicators, metrics and guidelines, will be developed in conjunction with the Working Group II report and published as a separate product.
IPCC's latest report, the Sixth Assessment Report, was completed in March 2023 with the release of its Synthesis Report, which provided direct scientific input to the First Global Stocktake process under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change at COP28 in Dubai.
For more information visit www.ipcc.ch.

Menu GENEVA, June 5 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will participate in the 64th session of the Subsidiary Bodies

IPCC at the 2026 June Climate Meetings

PACIFICA, CA — A sixth grade class at Ingrid B. Lacy Middle School in Pacifica wrapped up the school year by doing more than just studying climate change — they did something about it.
Teacher Gwendolyn Holden challenged her students to take real action by choosing from seven activities designed to reduce their carbon footprint, from going meat-free for a week to tracking household electricity usage to speaking at a city council meeting. The results ranged from eye-opening to surprisingly fun — and in at least one case, ended with a cake. Students from Gwendolyn Holden's sixth grade class at Ingrid B. Lacy Middle School in Pacifica, CA. (Gwendolyn Holden)
One of Ms. Holden's student's, Matteo Moraga Lee, documented the experience in their own words:
"At Ingrid B. Lacy Middle school Ms. Holden's 6th grade class wrapped up the year with a Climate Change Capstone Project. We learned that climate change is impacting the world a lot so Ms. Holden encouraged us to do something about it. We had a choice of seven different activities that we could do to lower our carbon footprint.
Here are some interviews of my classmates who took action:
Jenna and Jeri, twin sisters, made a presentation to the Pacifica City Council. Jenna and Jeri said they were nervous at first but then realized it wasn't such a big deal when they saw how welcoming the city council was. Jenna wrote the script and Jeri did the poster. The Mayor thanked Jenna and Jeri and told them that climate change was something that she was concerned about as well. Their dad was very proud of them and their mom made them cake.
Milo, another classmate of mine, took the bus for a week for his climate change capstone project. For Milo, taking the bus was easy for him. It was a good way to wake him up. Milo likes talking to his friends, and taking the bus was a good way to talk to them. It was also easy for Milo's parents to let him take the bus, since they also have to drop off his siblings. Milo liked taking the bus, but when Friday came he didn't miss taking it. Milo is not sure if he wants to take the bus again. And luckily for Milo, he thinks he saved a bit of gasoline.
Arya chose to lower her carbon footprint by not eating meat for a week. For Arya, eating meatless was a bit hard, since her family ate meat in front of her. When Arya first told her family about the project they didn't believe her. For Arya, Tuesday was the hardest day of not eating meat, and she was glad to stop when Friday came. But she does think she made an impact on the world's climate because we learned that eating meat has a large carbon footprint. She is also hoping that her work will pay off because she thinks she will get an A on the project.
Jordan tracked his electricity usage for his climate change capstone project. He did this by working with his parents to view their PG&E account. Tracking his energy usage wasn't hard to do and it was almost a little bit fun for Jordan. Gathering the information took about a week. He found out that he used a lot more electricity in January because he had lots of drying appliances plugged in because of a water leak that occurred in his house. When he went on vacation his electricity usage went down, but not all the way down this was because he had unnecessary appliances plugged in. In fact around 40 percent of his electricity usage comes from appliances that are always on. Jordan realized that he could reduce his electricity usage simply by unplugging unnecessary devices.
Other options students had: reducing plastics in their pantry, analyzing if purchasing an electric car makes sense for their family and lastly, calling an elected official about a climate change bill currently being considered.
Now that we know so much about the things we can do for climate change there are so many ways we can help, lots of them take little effort. I'm very proud of being part of something that can help the world. I hope my other classmates also know that they are part of a project to help lower the world's temperature.
To conclude, I feel our school, I.B.L, is making a positive change to the climate through this project. My classmates tried to help the world's climate in many ways. I'm very proud that I got to be part of something that helped change the world. I hope more people will try to make a change in the world's climate. Even if it seems small, if a lot of people tried to make a positive change the world climate would improve."
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From a city council presentation to a week without meat, sixth graders turned a classroom project into real-world action.

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